軍隊文職數(shù)2是選擇題嗎_軍隊文職考試

解放軍文職招聘考試一、單項選擇題1-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時間：2017-06-03 10:07:04緒論一、單項選擇題基礎知識題1、作為中國共產(chǎn)黨和社會主義事業(yè)指導思想的馬克思主義是指A．不僅指馬克思恩格斯創(chuàng)立的基本里論、基本觀點和學說的體系，也包括繼承者對它的發(fā)展B．無產(chǎn)階級爭取自身解放和整個人類解放的學說體系C．關于無產(chǎn)階級斗爭的性質(zhì)、目的和釋放條件的學說D．列寧創(chuàng)立的基本理論、基本觀點和根本方法構(gòu)成的科學體系2、馬克思主義最重要的理論品質(zhì)是A．吐故納新 B．科學嚴謹C．博大精深 D．與時俱進3、無產(chǎn)階級的科學世界觀和方法論是A．辯證唯物主義 B．歷史唯物主義C．辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義 D．唯物主義4、馬克思主義最崇高的社會理想A．實現(xiàn)共產(chǎn)主義 B．消滅階級、消滅國家C．實現(xiàn)個人的絕對自由 D．實現(xiàn)人權(quán)5、 哲學把無產(chǎn)階級當作自己的物質(zhì)武器，同樣，無產(chǎn)階級把哲學當作自己的精神武器 ，這個論斷的含義是A．馬克思主義是無產(chǎn)階級的世界觀和方法論B．哲學的存在方式是物質(zhì)C．無產(chǎn)階級的存在方式是精神D．無產(chǎn)階級掌握哲學就由自為階級轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽栽陔A級二、多項選擇題基礎知識題1、19世紀30 40年代，標志著無產(chǎn)階級成為獨立的政治力量登上歷史舞臺的三大工人運動是A．法國里昂工人起義B．德國西里西亞紡織工人起義C．英國的無產(chǎn)階級憲章運動D．法國巴黎公社起義2、德國古典哲學最具代表性的人物有A．黑格爾 B．康德 C．費希特 D．費爾巴哈3、資產(chǎn)階級古典政治經(jīng)濟學的主要代表人物有A．亞當 斯密 B．大衛(wèi) 李嘉圖 C．費希特 D．費爾巴哈4、空想社會主義的主要代表人物有A．圣西門 B．傅立葉 C．費希特 D．歐文5、19世紀40 60年代，馬克思恩格斯批判地繼承了前人的成果，實現(xiàn)了人類思想史上的偉大革命，是因為發(fā)現(xiàn)了A．唯物史觀 B．唯物主義 C．剩余價值學說 D．勞動價值論6、馬克思主義的直接理論來源是A.法國唯物主義哲學B.空想社會主義C.古典政治經(jīng)濟學D.德國古典哲學

解放軍文職招聘考試第七章 　一、單項選擇題 （一）基礎知識題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育

解放軍文職招聘考試第七章 一、單項選擇題 （一）基礎知識題發(fā)布時間：2017-06-03 10:10:24第七章一、單項選擇題（一）基礎知識題1、無產(chǎn)階級專政的最終目標是A.建立社會主義國家 B.建立工農(nóng)聯(lián)盟C.法律面前人人平等 D.消滅剝削、消滅階級，進入到無階級社會2、 兩個必然 和 兩個決不會A.是矛盾的 B.是兩回事C.是有著內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的 D.是內(nèi)容和形式的關系3、下列說法正確的是A.只有空想社會主義思想家預見了未來社會B.只有馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家預見了未來社會C.只有唯心主義主義思想家預見了未來社會D.許多思想家都預見了未來社會（二）理論聯(lián)系實際題1、通過批判舊世界來發(fā)現(xiàn)新世界是A．空想社會主義預見未來社會的方法B．馬克思主義預見未來社會的方法C．唯物主義預見未來社會的方法D．唯心主義預見未來社會的方法二、多項選擇題（一）基礎知識題1、馬克思和恩格斯認為在共產(chǎn)主義社會將要消失的 三大差別 是A.資產(chǎn)階級和無產(chǎn)階級的差別 B.工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的差別C.城市和鄉(xiāng)村的差別 D.腦力勞動與體力勞動的差別2、列寧領導蘇維埃俄國對社會主義道路的探索，大體經(jīng)歷了哪幾個時期A.和平發(fā)展時期 B.進一步鞏固蘇維埃政權(quán)時期C.戰(zhàn)時共產(chǎn)主義時期 D.戰(zhàn)時共產(chǎn)主義時期轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾陆?jīng)濟政策時期3、共產(chǎn)主義社會的第一階段的基本特征是A.生產(chǎn)資料歸全社會所有B.根據(jù)社會的需要，是有計劃的C.按勞分配D.沒有階級對立和階級差別4、 共產(chǎn)主義是人類能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的社會理想是A.以人類社會發(fā)展規(guī)律為依據(jù)的B.以資本主義社會基本矛盾的發(fā)展為依據(jù)的C.可以用社會主義運動的實踐來證明的D.要靠社會主義的不斷完善和發(fā)展來實現(xiàn)的5、.共產(chǎn)主義是人類最理想的社會制度，它的基本特征有A .生產(chǎn)力高度發(fā)展，社會產(chǎn)品極大豐富B.實行 各盡所能，按勞分配 的原則C.消滅了舊式分工，個人得到全面發(fā)展D.國家完全消亡，代之以社會管理機關6、關于共產(chǎn)主義理想，下列提法正確的有A.共產(chǎn)主義渺茫論B.共產(chǎn)主義是能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的理想C.在社會主義初級階段不應樹立共產(chǎn)主義理想D.共產(chǎn)主義理想的實現(xiàn)是一個漫長的歷史過程7、下列屬于必然王國社會狀態(tài)的是A.奴隸社會 B.封建社會 C.資本主義社會 D.共產(chǎn)主義社會（二）理論聯(lián)系實際題：1、下列選項中屬于共產(chǎn)主義含義的有A．是一種科學理論 B．是一種現(xiàn)實運動C．是一種社會制度 D．是一種社會理想2、馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家與其他思想家預見未來社會的方法區(qū)別在A．前者側(cè)重于一般特征的揭示，后者側(cè)重于詳盡細節(jié)的描繪B．前者從客觀規(guī)律出發(fā)，后者從理性出發(fā)C．前者通過批判舊世界發(fā)現(xiàn)新世界，后者憑空猜測無法知道的事情D．前者是樂觀主義態(tài)度，后者是悲觀主義的態(tài)度三、判斷題（一）基礎知識題1、共產(chǎn)主義理想是無法實現(xiàn)的社會理想。2、兩個必然闡述的是資本主義滅亡和共產(chǎn)主義勝利的客觀必然性。3、馬克思的全部理論，就是運用最徹底、最完整、最周密、內(nèi)容最豐富的發(fā)展論去考察現(xiàn)代資本主義。4、現(xiàn)存的資本主義國家只能首先進入共產(chǎn)主義的低級階段，而不可能直接達到共產(chǎn)主義的高級階段。5、 兩個必然 是指 資產(chǎn)階級的滅亡和無產(chǎn)階級的勝利是同樣不可避免的。（二）理論聯(lián)系實際題1、資本主義發(fā)展到今天已經(jīng)證明了 兩個必然 的錯誤。2、任何一個國家都不能跳過社會主義階段而直接進入共產(chǎn)主義社會

解放軍文職招聘考試新版英語國家概況—選擇題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時間：2017-05-21 10:49:00新版英語國家概況 選擇題I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The United Kingdom is located in ____.A. northern Europe B. western EuropeC. northwestern Europe D. southeastern Europe2. The two large islands that make up the British Isles are ____.A. Scotland and IrelandB. Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and Northern IrelandD. Great Britain and Ireland3. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or theCommonwealth of Nations in ____.A. 1921 B. 1931C. 1945 D. 19504. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries____.A. that were once colonies of BritainB. that have a large number of British immigrantsC. that have close relations with BritainD. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars5. The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ____.A. Denmark B. BelgiumC. France D. the Netherlands6. England has three main land regions. They are the Southwestern Plateau,the Pennines, and ___.A. the Eastern Plain B. the HighlandC. the Central Lowlands D. the Southern Uplands7. Scotland occupies the ____ third of the island of Great Britain in theBritish Isles.A. southern B. northernC. eastern D. western8. Northern Ireland, which takes up the northern fifth of Ireland, is afourth political division of ____.A. the United Kingdom B. IrelandC. Scotland D. Wales9. Britain s longest rivers are ____.A. the Severn and the Clyde B. the Thames and the ClydeC. the Clyde and the Humber D. the Severn and the Thames10. The largest lake in the British Isles is ____.A. Loch Lomond B. Loch NeaghC. Windermere D. Ullswater11. Britain s climate is influenced by____, a warm ocean current that passesthe western coast of the British Isles and warms them.A. the North Atlantic Drift B. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador Current D. the Falkland Current12. The English people and the English language were born from the unionof ____.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Germanic conquerors and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons13. Generally speaking the English southerners speak the type of Englishcloser to ____.A. the Cockney B. the Queen s EnglishC. the Gaelic D. the BBC English14. Although Wales has been united with England for more than 400 years, theWelsh has kept alive ____.A. their own language B. their own literatureC. their own tradition D. All of the above15. The Eisteddfod is a(n) ____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.A. English B. ScottishC. Welsh D. Irish16. Nowadays the Gaelic language, which is an ancient____, is still heard inthe Highlands and the Western Isles.A. Scottish language B. English languageC. Irish language D. Celtic language17. Many Scottish names begin with M , Mc or Mac, which means__A. father of B. sun ofC. son of D. some of18. In Northern Ireland ____ make up the dominant group.A. Roman Catholics B. English ProtestantsC. non-religious people D. Jewish people19. Northern Ireland is small, but it is significant because of the__A. the economic problems B. the political troublesC. the immigration issues D. the national identity20. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War ll.They are mainly from the West Indies, India and____.A. Indonesia B. SingaporeC. Hong Kong D. Pakistankey 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B 1l.A 12.D 13.D l4.D 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.DExercises 2I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The first known settlers of Britain were the ____.A. Celts B. IberiansC. Beaker Folk D. Romans2. The Celts" religion was ____.A. Buddhism B. IslamC. Druidism D. Christianity3. Roman control was only effective in ____.A. Scotland B. WalesC. London D. The southeast of Britain4. Christianity was first brought to England by the ____.A. Romans B. CeltsC. Anglo-Saxons D. Danes5. The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly 400 years and theypulled out in ____.A. 306 AD B. 410 ADC. 446 AD D. 1066 AD6. Which of the following tribes came to Britain first?A. The Angles. B. The Saxons.C. The Gaels. D. The Jutes.7. ____ became the first real king of England, though he did not assume thatstyle.A. Offa B. EgbertC. Vortigern D. Hengist8. ____ became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Columba B. EthelbertC. St. Augustine D. Egbert9. The Vikings began to attack various parts of England from the end of the____century.A. 7th B. 8thC. 9th D.10th10. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-Saxons. B. The Normans.C. The Vikings. D. The Romans11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Alfred the Great started the English navy.B. Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon any, making it moreefficient.C. Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal System.D. Alfred the Great impose a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons.12. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Canute was chosen by the Witan as king of England.B. Canute was a warrior king and fought many battles against theNormans.C. Canute divided power between Danes and Saxons.D. Canute forced Malcolm II, king of the Scots, to recognize him asoverlord.13. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Edward the Confessor was more French than English.B. Edward the Confessor filled his court with "foreign" favorites.C. Edward the Confessor was on very good terms with his father-in-law,Earl Godwin.D. Edward the Confessor appointed a Norman priest Archbishop ofCanterbury.14. When Edward the Confessor died, ____was chosen by the Witan as king OfEngland.A. the king of NorwayB. Harold Godwinson, Earl of WessexC. Edgar, Edward"s nephewD. Tostig, the deposed Earl of Northumbria15. Tostig, Harold"s brother, joined____, and made an attempt to recover hislost earldom of Northumbria.A. Harold Hardrada, King of NorwayB. Edgar, Edward"s nephewC. Malcolm II, King of the ScotsD. Hardicanute16. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle ofHastings in____.A. 1086 B. 1066C. 1035 D. 138117. William won the Battle of Hastings. Later, on____, he was crowned king ofEngland.A. Easter Day B. St. Andrew"s DayC. Christmas Day D. Boxing Day18. William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as____.A. William the Confessor B. William Lion-HeartC. the father of the British navy D. William the Conqueror19. Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William andgiven to____.A. the Norman barons B. the DanesC. the Irish D. the Scots20. The Norman Conquest is perhaps ____event in English history.A. a trifling B. the best-knownC. a horrifying D. a sensational1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B l0. A 11. D 12. B l3. C l4. B l5. A 16. B 17. C l8. D 19. A 20. BExercises 3I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. In the reign of William I, the ____were at the bottom of the feudal scale.A. knights B. villeinsC. lesser nobles D. freemen2. The Domesday Book was completed in____.A. 1086 B. 1085C. 1087 D. 10063. When William I died in Normandy in ____he left England to his second sonWilliam.A. 1100 B. 1153C. 1087 D. 11354. William II was known as William Rufus because of his____A. independence B. efficiencyC. filial piety D. red complexion5. ____ was the founder of the Plantagenet dynasty and ruled England for 35years.A. Henry I B. King StephenC. Henry II D. Count of Anjou6. William Rufus (William II) was killed by an arrow when he was huntingin____ in August l100.A. the New Forest B. PevenseyC. Winchester D. Gloucester7. Henry II took some measures to bring the disorders of ____reign to an end.A. Henry I"s B. King Stephen"sC. William II"s D. Edward the Confessor"s8. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Henry II did some renovations of castles built in Stephen"s time.B. Henry II recalled grants of Royal lands made by Stephen.C. Henry II strengthened the powers of his sheriffs.D. Henry II relied for armed support upon a militia made up of EnglishFreemen.9. Henry II divided the country into ____circuits and appointed travelingjudges to each of them.A. three B. fourC. five D. six10. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The Bishop"s courts could punish by means of censure.B. The Bishop"s courts could inflict corporal punishment.C. The Bishop"s courts could punish by means of excommunication.D. The Bishop"s courts could punish by mean of penance.11. After Thomas Becket rejected the Constitutions of Clarendon Henry II____.A. appointed him Chancellor of EnglandB. made him Archbishop of CanterburyC. drove him into exileD. increased the Jurisdiction of the church courts12. Thomas Becket spent ____years on the continent and returned to England in1l70.A. four B. fiveC. six D. seven13. The Great Charter (or Magna Carta) was signed by King John at Runnymedein____.A. 1162 B. 1164C. 1210 D. 121514. Simon de Montfort summoned in____ the Great Council to meet atWestminster, together with two knights from each county and two citizensfrom each town.A. 1242 B. 1258C. 1265 D. 126615. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. In the 13th century a Black Rod went between the two Houses ofParliament for liaison and to discipline the members.B. In the 13th century Parliament only met by royal invitation.C. In the 13th century Parliament"s role was to offer advice, not tomake decisions.D. In the 13th century the most important part of Parliament was theHouse of Lords.16. During the reign of ____, Wales was brought under English rule.A. Henry III B. Edward IC. Edward II D. Edward III17. ____ became the first prince to hold the title of Prince of Wales, whichcontinues to be borne by the eldest son of the reigning monarch.A. Richard I B. Henry IIIC. Edward II D. Edward III18. The chief demand of the peasants during the Peasant Uprising of 1381was____.A. the abolition of villeinageB. the punishment of the King"s ministersC. the increase of wagesD. the reform of the church19. Wat Tyler was killed by William Walworth, ____.A. Archbishop of York B. Mayor of LondonC. Archbishop of Canterbury D. the Treasurer20. The Peasant Uprising of 1381 did not direct against____.A. the rich clergy B. the lawyersC. the landowners D. the town traders1. B 2. A 3.C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D l0. B 11. C l2. C 13. D l4. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A l9. B 20. DExercises 4I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1.The name of Wars of the Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19thcentury novelist ____.A. Charles Dickens B. George ElliotC. Sir Walter Scott D. Charlotte Bronte2. Although the Wars of the Roses were fought intermittently for ____ years,ordinary people were little affected and went about their business asusual.A. 20 B. 30C. 40 D. 503. No less than____ nobles of royal blood were killed in the Wars of theRoses.A. 80 B. 90C. 100 D. 1104. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Henry VII refilled the royal treasury through loans, subsidies,property levies and fines.B. Henry VII forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.C. Henry VII built up England"s navy and foreign trade.D. Henry VII completely neglected parliament as though it neverexisted.5. Henry VIII declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England in ____.A. 1529 B. 1534C. 1535 D. 15476. Queen Mary burnt at stake some ____men and women who refused to changeback to the Catholic faith.A. 300 B. 350C. 400 D. 4507. Mary died childless and her half-sister Elizabeth came to the throne asElizabeth I in ____.A. 1547 B. 1558C. 1588 D. 16038. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Elizabeth I broke Mary"s ties with Rome.B. Elizabeth I restored her father"s independent Church of England.C. Elizabeth I"s religious reform was a compromise of views.D. Elizabeth I"s religious settlement was acceptable to both extremeProtestants and ardent Catholics.9. The Renaissance began in northern Italy in the early ____century, and wastypified by the universal genius of Leonardo Da Vinci.A. 11th B. 12thC. 13th D. 14th10. The English Renaissance is said to have begun in ____.A. 1422 B. 1478C. 1485 D. 149511. James VI of Scotland succeeded Elizabeth I and became James I of Englandin ____.A. 1601 B. 1603C. 1615 D. 162512. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The Puritans believed that the Reformation had gone too far.B. The Puritans became very powerful in Parliament.C. The Puritans were very happy when they heard that James had becomeking of England.D. The Puritans called for a purer form of worship.13. The Puritans suspected James I of England being a secret ____because ofhis pro-Spanish foreign policy and his son"s Spanish marriage alliance.A. Buddhist B. CatholicC. Protestant D. Muslim14. In ____ a small group of Puritans sailed from Plymouth in the Mayflower,and found New Plymouth in America, Britain"s first settlement in the NewWorld.A. 1614 B. 1615C. 1620 D. 162115. The Great Civil War, as it became known, lasted from ____ until 1646.A. 1639 B. 1640C. 1641 D. 164216. When the First Civil War broke out ____men were at Charles I"s command.A. 1,000 B. 2,000C. 3,000 D. 4,00017. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of Englandin 1653 by the Petition of Right.B. Oliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion in Ireland.C. Oliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers, a group within his ownarmy who advocated total religious and social equality.D. Oliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen byhimself.18. In 1660 the monarchy was restored and Charles I"s son was brought backfrom ____, where he had fled for safety.A. Flanders B. FranceC. Holland D. Germany19. After the Restoration, Parliament passed a series of severe laws called____against the Puritans, now known as Conformists.A. Agreement of People B. The Petition of RightC. The Clarendon Code D. The Act of Supremacy20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The Bill of Rights excluded any Roman Catholics from the succession.B. The Bill of Rights confirmed the principle of parliamentarysupremacy.C. The Bill of Rights guaranteed free speech within both the House ofLords and the House of Commons.D. The Bill of Rights requested that no taxes should be raised withoutconsent of Parliament.1.C 2. B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.A 13. B 14. C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.DExercises 5I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Traditional farming involved the open field village, a system that datedback to the ____century.A. 4th B. 5thC. 6th D. 7th2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The open field system provided a good opportunity to experiment.B. The open field system wasted land.C. The open field system was wasteful of labor and time.D. The open field system made livestock farming difficult.3. Which of the following statements is NOT considered a characteristic offarming in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?A. Use of artificial fertilizer.B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery.C. The "Open-field" system.D. A system of crop rotation.4. Land enclosure was a disaster for the ____evicted from their land by theenclosures.A. landlords B. tenantsC. farmers D. wage laborers5. In Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass emigration,particularly to ____.A. Africa B. Eastern EuropeC. Asia D. The New World6. By the early 19th century, Britain had a road network of some ____miles.A. 115,000 B. 120,000C. 125,000 D. 130,0007. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before____.A. 1918 B. 1920C. 1928 D. 19458. In 1836 a group of ____and small shopkeepers formed the London WorkingMen"s Association.A. householders B. tenantsC. skilled workers D. office workers9. The six points of the People"s Charter were achieved gradually over theperiod of ____, although the sixth has never been practical.A. 1836-1848 B. 1842-1848C. 1848-1908 D. 1858-191810. Parliament passed the Combination Acts of 1799-1800 to forbid theformation of ____.A. a new government B. societiesC. communes D. unions11. The Labor Party had its origins in the ____, which was formed inJanuary,1893.A. Independent Labor PartyB. Grand National Consolidated Trade UnionC. Amalgamated Society of EngineersD. Trade Union Congress12. Thanks to the militant feminist movement of the ____led by Mrs. Pankhurstbefore the First World War, votes were granted to women over 30 in 1918.A. Luddites B. SuffragettesC. Chartists D. Levellers13. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo on June 28, ____,when the Austrian Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by aSerbian nationalist.A. 1913 B. 1914C. 1915 D. 191614. As a result of the First World War settlement the ____was established in1920.A. League of Nations B. British CommonwealthC. British East India Company D. United Nations15. After World War I political unrest in Britain led to ____generalelections in just over 5 years.A. 2 B. 3C. 4 D. 516. The Blitz radically changed the face of London for the first time since____nearly 3 centuries earlier.A. the Black Death B. the Great FireC. the Civil War D. the Great Plague17. The foundations of ____was laid in the late 1940s, providing free medicalcare for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and theunemployed.A. the welfare stateB. the National Health ServiceC. the compulsory educationD. the Women"s Liberation Movement18. In the 1960s Pop music underwent a revolution when the Beatles becameworld famous and turned their hometown of ____into a place of pilgrimage.A. Manchester B. BlackpoolC. Liverpool D. Sheffield19. The 1970s saw the growth of ___in Wales and Scotland.A. liberalism B. MarxismC. chauvinism D. nationalism20. Margaret Thatcher believed in the following except____.A. self-relianceB. the strengthening of trade unionsC. privatizationD. the use of monetary policies to control inflation1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.C 7. A 8.C 9. D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.BExercises 7 (第 6章不考，所以省略，下同）I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based onthe theory of ____.A. Adam Smith B. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret Thatcher D. Karl Marx2. In the 1970s Britain maintained the _____ growth rate and the _____inflation rate among the developed countries.A. lowest/lowest B. highest/highestC. lowest/highest D. highest/lowest3. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _______.A. economic recession B. economic expansionC. economic decline D. economic depression4. In Britain service industries account for about ____ of its gross domesticproduct (GDP).A. one-third B. two-thirdsC. three-fifths D. four-fifths5. The following are the reasons why British coal mining is today called asick industry except _____.A. Britain has used up almost all coal depositsB. the demand for British coal has declinedC. petroleum, water power, and electric power are replacing coal formany purposesD. the old British mines are narrow and deep, making it difficult tosue machines fro mining.6. Which of the following is not true of British iron and steel industry?A. Britain"s steel industry is declining.B. No more new discoveries of iron ore have been found in Britain.C. Supplies of iron ore are now mostly foreign.D. Compared with newer plants in the world, Britain"s steelworks arenot efficient.7. Rolls-Royce is world famous for _____.A. machine toolsB. household appliancesC. luxury automobilesD. high-quality knives and hand tools8. Why is it that Britain today imports more clothing than it exports?A. British clothing is of poor quality.B. Britain does not grow cotton.C. Many countries with lower costs can produce clothing more cheaplythan the British can.D. Britain has a highly developed transportation system.9. The area between _____ and ______ is now often referred to as theSilicon Glen .A. London/South Wales B. the Oxford/the CambridgeC. London/the Cambridge D. Glasgow/Edinburgh10. Which of the following is not true of Britain"s agriculture?A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain"s agriculture can produce enough food for its people.11. Which area is called the Garden of England and is famous for beautifulblossoms in spring?A. The county of Kent in southeastern England.B. The county of East Sussex in southern England.C. The county of West Sussex in southern England.D. The county of Essex in eastern England.12. Britain once imported chiefly _____ and exported mostly ______.A. manufactured products/raw materialsB. raw materials/manufactured productsC. foods/mineralsD. minerals/foods13. Britain"s leading customers and suppliers are France, Germany and _____.A. Japan B. BelgiumC. the Netherlands D. the United States14. Which of the following is not true of Britain"s foreign trade?A. The value of Britain"s exports of goods usually exceeds the value ofits imports.B. The value of Britain"s imports of goods usually exceeds the value ofits exports.C. Manufactured goods now account for about 85% of British imports andabout 80% of its exports.D. Most of the United Kingdom"s trade is with other developedcountries,especially other members of the European Union.15. The European Union (EU) is an organization of 15 _____ that promotescooperation among its members.A. European countries B. developed countriesC. Western European countries D. Southern European countries16. Which of the following is not true of the European Union?A. The United States is also a member of the EU.B. The members of the EU cooperate in many areas, including politicsand economics.C. The EU is a major economic unit.D. The combined value of the union"s imports and exports is greaterthan that of any single country in the world.17. Headquarters of the European Union are in ______.A. Paris, France B. London, BritainC. Berlin, Germany D. Brussels, Belgium18. _____ started as a trading post of the Roman Empire about AD 43.A. The City of Westminster B. The City of LondonC. West End of London D. East End of London19. Today, the City of London is the business center of London where _____are located.A. big supermarkets B. theatres and cinemasC. large financial organizations D. restaurants and cafes20. What is Lloyd"s?A. It is a famous bank.B. It is a big department store.C. It is a famous insurance company.D. It is a large hotel.1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.CExercises 8I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal lawpresumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyondreasonable doubt.A. guilt B. impartialityC. innocence D. honesty2. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by thecourt: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and ____ in Scotland.A. 12 B. 13C. 14 D. 153. People between the ages of _____ and 70 (65 in Scotland) whose namesappear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions, are liable forjury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18 B. 19C. 20 D. 214. Youth Courts try most cases involving people under _____.A. 17 B. 18C. 19 D. 205. The Crown Court sits at _____ centers and is presided over by High CourtJudges, full-time Circuit Judges and part-time Recorders.A. 91 B. 92C. 93 D. 946. The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the CountyCourts of which there are _____.A. 270 B. 271C. 272 D. 2737. In Northern Ireland civil cases up to the value of ￡_____ are dealt within county courts.A. 14,000 B. 15,000C. 16,000 D. 17,0008. There are _____ police forces in England and Wales, 8 in Scotland and one(the Royal Ulster Constabulary) 9n Northern Ireland.A. 40 B. 41C. 42 D. 439. Police officers are not allowed to join ____ or to go on strike.A. a club B. a trade unionC. a political party D. the army10. There are about 130 prison establishments in England and Wales and some20 in Scotland, many of which were built in the ____ century.A. 16th B. 17thC. 18th D. 19th1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. DExercises 9I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The National Health Service was established in the United Kingdom in_____.A. 1946 B. 1947C. 1948 D. 19492. Prescription charges do not apply to the following people except ____.A. self-employed peopleB. child under 16C. war and armed forces disablement pensionersD. women aged 60 and over and men aged 65 and over3. NHS has suffered from under-funding in recent decades, as a result ofwhich many ______ people have been turning to private medical health care.A. working class B. elderlyC. educated D. better-off4. Britain ahs about ______ million adults with one or more disabilities, ofwhom around 7 percent live in communal establishments.A. 4 B. 5C. 6 D. 75. Most pregnant working women receive their statutory maternity pay directlyfrom their employer for a maximum of _____ weeks.A. 17 B. 18C. 19 D. 206. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as laiddown in _____ without the consent of Parliament.A. the Bill of RightsB. the Provisions of OxfordC. the Constitutions of ClarendonD. the Book of Common Prayer7. The position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of Union,1707, and further safeguarded by the Church of Scotland Act, ______.A. 1921 B. 1922C. 1923 D. 19248. The Salvation Army is served by 1,800 officers (ordained ministers) andruns more than _____ worship centers.A. 500 B. 1,000C. 1,500 D. 2,0009. At Christmas, the home is decorated with the following except _____.A. colorful paper chains B. leaves of holly and mistletoeC. a young fir-tree D. firecrackers10. Easter is traditionally associated with the following except ____.A. the resurrection of ChristB. the eating of Easter eggsC. the custom of giving presentsD. the coming of spring1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. CExercises 10I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University inBritain.A. 70 B. 80C. 90 D. 1002. Some _____ per cent of secondary schools in England are grant-maintained(GM) self-governing schools.A. 10 B. 15C. 20 D. 253. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the ____ centuries.A. 12th and 13th B. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15th D. 15th and 16th4. Over ____ science parks have been set up by higher education institutionsin conjunction with industrial scientists and technologists.A. 10 B. 20C. 30 D. 405. With about _____ daily and Sunday newspapers published nationwide, theBritish public reads more newspapers than virtually any other country inthe world.A. 110 B. 120C. 130 D. 1406. The BBC World Service broadcasts international news worldwide, usingEnglish and ____ other languages.A. 37 B. 38C. 39 D. 407. In summer there are open-air theatres, including one in London"s Regent"sPark, where ____ are performed, and the Minack Theatre, which is an opencliffside near Land"s End in Cornwall.A. William Shakespeare"s playsB. Christopher Marlowe"s playsC. Ben Johnson"s playsD. George Bernard Shaw"s plays8. Pantomime is a kind of play based on a traditional fairy tale and per-formed ____.A. at Easter B. on New Year"s DayC. on St. Patrick"s Day D. at Christmas time9. Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama takes place for aperiod of 3 to 4 weeks between ____ when Edinburgh becomes a center ofcultural activity.A. July and August B. August and SeptemberC. September and October D. October and November10. In ____ each year the National Film Theatre hosts the London Film Fes-tival, at which some 250 new films from all over the world are screened.A. September B. OctoberC. November D. December1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C到了美國部分 Exercises 14I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The annual population growth rate of the 1990s was ______.A. 1% B. 0.9%C. over 1% D. under 1%2. A major source of population growth is ________.A. immigration B. baby boomC. rising birth rate D. larger number of young people3. The immigrants spread unevenly across the country, with ______having thelargest percentage of immigrants.A. Northeast B. the WestC. Midwest D. the South4. ________was an important immigration spot in late 19th century and early20th century.A. Ellis Island B. San FranciscoC. Hawaii D. Miami5. The three states that have seen the fastest growth in population in thepast 20 years are ______.A. California, Arizona and New MexicoB. California, Florida and NevadaC. New Mexico, Texas and FloridaD. Arizona, Nevada and Florida6. One of the reasons for the growth of population in Florida is because ofits _________.A. expanding economyB. large number of Cuban-AmericansC. climateD. exotic food7. More than _____of the population in the United States lived in city areasin 1988.A. 60% B. 75%C. 90% D. 50%8. The population between the age of 25 and 44 increased by 28.1% from 1980to 1989 because ___________.A. this was the period of large inflow of young immigrantsB. this was the birth age of the baby boomers.C. the large number born during WW II reached this age bracketD. those who were born in the period of baby boom reached this agebracket9. Up to the end of WW II, there were ______waves of large-scale emigrationto the United States.A. four B. twoC. three D. None of the above10. Between 1845 and 1854, about 1.5 million Irishmen emigrated to UnitedStates because of __________.A. famine B. English oppressionC. war D. Both A B11. During the third wave of immigration from 1890 to 1910, many came from____.A. Britain and the Netherlands B. Austria-Hungary and RussiaC. Japan and China D. Mexico and Cuba12. According to historians and specialists in demography, there are _____great population movement(s) in the history of the United States.A. four B. threeC. five D. None of the above13. In the last great population movement, a large number of people moved to______.A. the Northwest B. the sunbelt areasC. the South D. the Southwest14. Between 1960 and 1990, a large number of people moved from_____.A. core cities to the suburbs B. rural areas to citiesC. small cities to large cities D. None of the above15. The current situation of African-Americans presents ________.A. a favorable picture B. a negative pictureC. a mixed picture D. an encouraging picture16. Although legal, official discrimination has been abolished _______.A. discrimination in employment still existsB. discrimination in university admission still existsC. poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial andethnic groupsD. inequality and subtle discrimination still exist17. The Cuban-Americans have done very well_________.A. in Florida B. in business with CubaC. politically7 D. economically18. The most important obstacle to Hispanic success in the labor market is______.A. the language problem B. their low educationC. their low education D. discrimination19. Some people Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian traditionof_______.A. education B. family and hard workC. education D. B and C20. One of the signs of the awakening of the American Indians is ________.A. the reappearance of the powwowB. the legal steps they are taking to recover land and resources thathave been grabbed form them illegallyC. their refusal to live on reservationsD. None of the above1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.BExercises 15I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The result of the War with Mexico in 1846 was _______.A. American annexation of California and New MexicoB. the independence of California and New MexicoC. a payment of 15 million U.S. dollars to Mexico for the annexation ofCalifornia and New MexicoD. a payment of 15 million U.S. dollars to Mexico2. During the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the draftingof the Constitution, the issue of Negro slavery was _____.A. not raisedB. raised but voted downC. bitterly debatedD. raised but because of strong southern opposition it was put asidefor greater objective3. Slave labor was widespread in the south because______.A. the cold weather in the north was not suitable for Negro slavesB. Negro slaves could not cope with machines in factories in the northC. Negro Slaves were best suited for the kind of plantation economy inthe southD. the north world not allow slavery to spread into their states4. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery issue becamea serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because_____.A. whether the future states formed as a result of the westwardmovement should be free or slave world affect the balance of powerin the SenateB. the south insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into allnew territories.C. the north refused to let slavery spread into new territories.D. the north wanted to put and end to slavery5. Why did President Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?A. Because President Lincoln himself was an abolitionist.B. Because he wanted to punish the slave-owners in those states whichbroke away form the union.C. Because he had no other alternative.D. Because he realized that in order to win the war, he should make ita just war against slavery so as to rally as many people aspossible under the banner of the Federal government.6. President Lincoln was shot dead five days after________.A. he made a speech at Gettysburg.B. general Lee, commanding general of the Confederate army surrenderedhis troops .C. the adoption of the thirteenth Amendment.D. a military victory of the Union force at Gettysburg.7. The rapid development of American economy after the Civil War was due to______.A. the stable political environment and availability of capitalB. large pool or labor force because of free slaves, immigrantsC. scientific invention and government policyD. All of the above8. At the end of the 19th century. One of the strong trends in Americaneconomy was ______.A. the emergence of big trustsB. the predominance of small factoriesC. the frequent intervention in business by the governmentD. the influence of foreign corporations9. The place that Christopher Columbus landed was _______.A. IndiaB. island in AsiaC. the current territory of the United States of AmericaD. islands in the now West Indies10. The chief reason for early settlers to come to the New Continent was___.A. to seek better opportunityB. to escape religious persecutionC. to satisfy the urge for adventureD. A and B11. In American history, the Pilgrim fathers to those who came to Plymouthon board of __________.A. a French ship B. a British shipC. Mayflower D. an Italian ship12. One of the features of the early colonists which has strong influence onthe formation of American character is ___________.A. religious intolerance B. respect for personal successC. stress on community harmony D. None of the above13. What were the causes of War of Independence?A. The development of colonial economy led to demand for more power todetermine their own business.B. the cruel exploitation of the colonies by the British government.C. The sale of in the colonies.D. A and B.14. The clash at Concord and Lexington was ________.A. the beginning of the War or independence?B. the beginning of the second Continental ConferenceC. a minor clash between the British and the colonists with nosignificanceD. None of the above15. The significance of the War of Independence is that _________.A. it paved the way for the development of capitalism in North AmericaB. it initiated a period of bourgeois revolution against feudal rule orcolonial ruleC. Both A and BD. None of the above16. The unusual feature of the Articles of Confederation was that______.A. it provided for no king but a republic and was a writtenconstitution.B. it decided that the United States of America was a republic withcentral power in Congress, that most powers laid in hands of thestates and it was a written documentC. it was the first written constitution in the world and the emphasiswas on a strong central governmentD. the written constitution did not provide for an executive branchwhich could function as a government17. The contradiction that arose at the Constitutional Conference of 1787was contradiction between________.A. big states and small states.B. industrial-commercial interests and landed interests.C. one house or two houses for Congress.D. A and B18. The Bill of Rights Amendments________.A. dealt with procedural mattersB. included not only procedural guarantees but also guarantees of basicrights for the individualC. were adopted merely to satisfy those who opposed the ConstitutionD. were reluctantly accepted by the Federalists19. The impact of the War of 1812 on the development of the United Stateswas_______.A. the realization of the importance of a strong national governmentB. the reinvigoration of a sense of national unityC. removal of obstacle to the westward movementD. All of the above20. The implications of the Manifest Destiny are______.A. the legitimacy of American territorial expansion and Americanobligation of the Spread of American value and institution.B. the legitimacy of the westward movementC. the Americans were doing the Lord"s work in spreading Americandemocracy to other placesD. None of the above1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.AExercises 16I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. What was the main cause of the Second World War?A. The main cause was big power struggle for control of the world.B. It was the worldwide economic crisis.C. It was the military expansion of Japan, and Germany.D. Both B and C.2. The consequence of the three neutrality acts of the United States was____.A. to make the United States gain time to arm itselfB. to actually help the aggressors by making clear that the UnitedStates would not interveneC. to get the United States involved in the warD. to prevent the United States form being dragged into the war3. American war time objectives were ______.A. the total defeat of Axis powersB. the establishment of a postwar world order under American leadershipC. coordination of war efforts of the Soviet Union, Britain and theUnited StatesD. Both A and B4. Overlord is a code name for ______.A. American lend-lease assistance to the Soviet UnionB. the summit conference at TeheranC. the allied landing at Normandy, France in 1944D. the North African campaign5. One of the important decisions at the Yalta Conference was ______.A. the allied landing at NormandyB. the setting-up of a world organization, the United Nations, tomanage peace and security after the warC. coordinated efforts in war against JapanD. None of the above6. The most important features in the growth of American economy in theearly 20th cenruty were ______.A. the use of steam and electricity as chief energy, the development oflare corporation and the development of railwayB. the development of large corporation, urbanization and theemployment in production of new technologyC. the appearance of airplane, the use of electricity on a large scaleand urbanizationD. the rapid development of industry, railway and large cities7. The Progressive Movement was ______.A. an organized campaign with definite goalsB. a movement aiming at exposing the dark sides of societyC. not an organized campaign with efforts to improve people"s livingstandardD. a number of diverse efforts aiming at achieving political, socialand economic reforms8. In the political area, the Progressive Movement wanted to ______.A. improve the living conditions of urban poorB. reform the national governmentC. change election systems in city and state governments and checkcorruptionD. check corruption in city and state governments9. The Progressive Movement wanted to ______ in order to stop big businesscontrol.A. initiate strict government regulationB. have the government to fix pricesC. break up all the big businessesD. do away with rebates10. One of the contribution of Theodore Roosevelt as President was ______.A. the banning of child laborB. the giving of voting right to womenC. in the field of natural conservationD. in urban renovation11. One of the contributions of Woodrow Wilson was ______.A. natural conservationB. the construction of irrigation projectsC. the setting-up of the Federal Reserve Board and twelve FederalReserve BanksD. the introduction of tariff increase and a low income tax12. The policy the United States actually pursued in the first two years ofWWI was ______.A. impartial neutrality B. partial neutralityC. firm support of the Allies D. Pro-Ally partial neutrality13. The essence of the Paris Peace Conference was .A. to bring peace to EuropeB. to carve up the colonies of the defeated countries and to get warcompensation for the victorsC. to settle the colonial problem of the Ottoman EmpireD. to put the Fourteen Points into Practice14. typically represented the world pattern between the two world wars _____.A. The Versailles Treaty SystemB. The Versailles Treaty System and the Washington Treaty SystemC. The collapse of the German, Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman colonialsystemsD. Both B and C15. Sacco and Vanzetti were sentenced to death and executed because ______.A. of their radical political viewsB. they were guilty of killing two peopleC. they were members of KKKD. they stole $ 16,00016. One of the serious weaknesses in American economy in the 1920s was _____.A. uncontrolled speculation in the stock marketB. tariff protectionC. huge profits of big businessesD. too much control over the banking system17. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and 1930s first broughtabout by ______.A. bank failures B. serious unemploymentC. farm foreclosures D. the stock market crash18. The Hoover Administration ______ to deal with the economic crisis.A. took effective measuresB. did not take any measureC. asked the private sectorD. refused to take strong government action19. Most of the measures F.D. Roosevelt took in the first hundred days hewas in the White House were to ______.A. stop bank failuresB. prevent radical actions in the United StatesC. prevent the further worsening of the economic situation and lessenthe personal sufferings of the peopleD. prevent further worsening of the unstable political situation20. The purpose of the New Deal measures was to ______.A. save American democracy and the capitalist systemB. check the worsening of the economic situationC. help people tie over the difficultyD. increase American export1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.D 18.D 19.C 20.AExercises 17I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Conflicts arose between the United States and the Soviet Union because___.A. their common enemies Nazi Germany and Japan were defeatedB. They had very different concepts of postwar world orderC. the United States wanted cooperation with the Soviet Union but theSoviet Union refused.D. the soviet Union wanted cooperation with the United States but theUntied States refused2. The idea of containment was first brought up by ______.A. Harry Truman B. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Marshall D. George Kennan3. The essence of the Truman Doctrine was ______.A. to provide economic and military support for any country which wasfighting internal Communist rebels or external Communist pressureB. to provide aid for Greece and Turkey which were fighting againstCommunismC. to provide economic aid to needy countriesD. to give moral support to the struggle of free people4. As a result of American economic aid under the Marshall Plan, WesternEurope _____.A. managed to tie over the difficult years in the late 1940sB. succeeded in solving the food problemC. recovered from war destruction and its economy began to developD. became prosperous5. It was _____ which started the Berlin blockade.A. the Soviet Union B. the United StatesC. Britain D. France6. Why did the United States decide to go ahead and set up a separate Germanstate?A. Because the United States wanted to rearm the Germans.B. Because only in this way could German economy be reinvigorated.C. Because the United States realized it was impossible to have aunified Germany under American influence.D. Because the Soviet Union first set up a separate German state in itsoccupied zone.7. The purpose of Marshall"s mediation in China in 1945 and 1946 was ______.A. to support the Kuomintang in starting a civil warB. to pressure the Kuomintang into forming a coalition government withthe Communist Party as an equal partner.C. to bring the two sides together for negotiationsD. to bring the Communist Party into a coalition government dominatedby Kuomintang and put Communist led troops under the command of thecoalition government8. The Chinese government changed its timetable of liberation of Taiwan in1950 because ______.A. the Korean War broke outB. the United States sent the 7th Fleet into the Taiwan Straits.C. the Soviet Union did not support China"s liberation of Taiwan thenD. the United States army was approaching the Yalu River9. The Chinese Volunteers crossed the Yalu River and fought side by sidewith the North Koreans until an armistice was signed in ______.A. July 1952. B. July 1953.C. July 1954. D. June 1953.10. President Truman on March 21, 1947 issued an executive order, initiatinga comprehensive investigation of the loyalty of all federal employees.This was the beginning of ______.A. McCarthyismB. Clearing out Soviet spiesC. widespread persecution of Communists and progressive peopleD. persecution of federal employees11. The trial of Alger Hiss proved ______.A. that he was a Soviet spyB. that he did not tell the truth in courtC. that he provided Soviet agent with secret information on atomicweaponD. None of the above12. The Supreme Court played a role in whipping up the anticommunist hysteriaby ______.A. upholding the constitutionality of the Smith ActB. convicting 11 high-ranking Communist leadersC. supporting the trial of Alger HissD. supporting President Truman"s executive order13. What did the Little Rock Incident refer to?A. It referred to a violent outburst of a thousand white in Clinton,Tennessee against school desegregation.B. It referred to an incident in Alabama in opposition to Supreme Courtdecision on school desegregation.C. It referred to Arkansas governor"s use of state National Guard toprevent African-American students from going to an all white schoolin Little Rock and Federal government intervention to carry outcourt decision.D. It referred to Arkansas governor"s use of state National Guard toprevent African-American students from going to an all white schoolin Little Rock.14. The pillar industries for the postwar economic boom were ______.A. information, space and biotechnologyB. textile, automobile and constructionC. defense, information and housingD. automobile, housing and defense15. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, there was ______ a nuclear war.A. little danger of B. grave danger ofC. real intention for D. earnest preparation for16. When ______,this was the beginning of American involvement in Vietnam.A. the United States decided to provide France with military aid intheir fight in VietnamB. the United States started to provide aid for the South Vietnamesegovernment after the Geneva Conference in 1854C. the United States sent more and more military advisers to SouthVietnamD. the United States began to Americanize the war in Vietnam17. The Paris Agreement was signed by the U.S. and North Vietnam in Jan. 1973and the fall of Saigon was in ______.A. April, 1973 B. April, 1975C. Jan, 1975 D. None of the above18. The conditions the People"s Republic of China set for the establishmentof diplomatic relations with the United States were ______.A. the withdrawal of the 7th Fleet from the straits and the end ofdiplomatic relations with TaiwanB. the cancellation of the mutual defense treaty and the end ofdiplomatic relations with Taiwan.C. the stop of 7th Fleet patrol in Taiwan straits, the cancellation ofthe mutual defense treaty and the end of diplomatic relations withTaiwanD. the withdrawal of all military forces from Taiwan, the cancellationof the mutual defense treaty and the end of diplomatic relationswith Taiwan19. New Frontier and War on Poverty were programs initiated by ______.A. President KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD. Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively20. The Watergate Scandal refers to ______.A. the break-in at the Watergate apartment-office complex inWashington,D. C.B. the break-in and Nixon"s secret tapingC. the break-in, the cover up and Nixon"s involvement in the cover upD. Nixon"s resignationI. B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.CExercises 18I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The United States ranks ______ in the world in the total value of itseconomic production.A. first B. secondC. third D. fourth2. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development ofthe U.S. economy except ______.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people3. Which of the following is not true of the U.S. economy?A. It is based largely on a free enterprise system.B. There is little government involvement in the economyC. It is one of the least regulated economies in the world.D. Many of the nation"s basic industries are represented by only a fewmajor corporations.4. The United States has vast expanses of fertile soil that is well suited to______.A. raising cattle B. growing cropsC. developing highways D. digging wells5. Which of the following is not true of water resources in the UnitedStates?A. Water has contributed to the welfare of the country.B. Lakes, rivers, and underground deposits supply water for households,farms, and industries.C. The nation uses about 400 billion gallons of water daily.D. Households use more than half of this total.6. Forests cover nearly ______ of the United States, and they yield manyvaluable products.A. a fourth B. a thirdC. half D. two thirds7. Which of the following is not true of mineral resources in the UnitedStates?A. The United States has large deposits of coal, iron ore, natural gas,and petroleum.B. The United States does not have to import any minerals from othercountries.C. Mineral resources of the United States are well developed.D. Major mineral resources that are scarce in the United States aretin,manganese, and nickel.8. What is the leading corn-producing state in the United States?A. Nebraska. B. Minnesota.C. Iowa. D. Indiana.9. What is America"s most important food crop?A. Wheat. B. Rice.C. Barley. D. Oat.10. Which of the following is not true of U.S. agriculture?A. It is the most efficient in the world.B. About a third of the world"s food exports come from U.S. farms.C. The use of modern farm machinery and agricultural methods has helpedmake U.S. farms the most efficient in the world.D. The number of farms in the United States has increased since 1925.11. The chief mineral products of the United States are in order of value,_____ .A. petroleum, natural gas, and coalB. natural gas, petroleum, and coalC. coal, petroleum, and natural gas.D. coal, natural gas, and petroleum12. Which state ranks first among the states in the value of its manufacturedgoods.A. New York. B. Ohio.C. Texas. D. California.13. Which of following is not true of U.S. manufacturing?A. The value of American manufactured goods is greater than that of anyother country.B. Manufacturing accounts for 18% of the U.S. gross domestic product.C. Since the mid-1900"s, the country"s fastest-growing manufacturingareas have been in the Midwest and Northeast.D. Since the Mid-1900"s, U.S. industries have turned increasingly toautomation.14. Service industries account for about ______ of the U.S. gross domesticproduct.A. a third B. halfC. two thirds D. three fourths15. Which of the following dose not belong to service industries?A. Canada and Japan are the country"s chief trading partners.B. The U.S. share of would trade has increased in recent years.C. Since the mid-1960"s, the value of imports has usually been muchhigher than the value of exports.D. Traditionally, the value of U.S. exports has exceeded, or been aboutthe same as the value of U.S. imports.16. Which of the following is not true of U.S. foreign trade?A. Canada and Japan are the country"s chief trading partners.B. The U.S. share of world trade has increased in recent years.C. Since the mid-1960s, the value of imports has usually been muchhigher than the value of exports.D. Traditionally, the value of U.S. exports has exceeded, or been aboutthe same as, the value of U.S. imports.17. What are the leading U.S. exports?A. Mineral fuels.B. Iron and steel.C. Paper and newsprint.D. Machinery and transportation equipment.18. What are the leading U.S. imports?A. Machinery and transportation equipment.B. Scientific measuring equipment.C. Textile fibers.D. All of the above.19. What are the problems the U.S. economy has faced fro time to time?A. Recessions. B. Depressions.C. Inflation. D. All of the above.20. What percentage of the population is classified by the U.S. government aspoor?A. 5% B. 10%C. 15% D. 20%.1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.D 18.A 19.D 20.CExercises 19I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The federal judicial system consists of ______.A. one supreme court, 11 courts of appeals and 91 district courtsB. one supreme court, 11 courts of appeals, 89 district courts, 3courts of special jurisdictionC. one supreme court, 11 courts of appeals, 91 district courts, 3courts of special jurisdictionD. one supreme court, 11 courts of appeals, 91 district courts, 2courts for the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of PuertoRico2. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ______.A. all kinds of casesB. two kinds of casesC. cases involving foreign citizensD. cases involving a state3. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court _____.A. has much greater power than other justices of the Supreme CourtB. has no greater voting power than other justices of the Supreme CourtC. has greater say in deciding a caseD. has greater voting power than other justices of the Supreme Court4. Political parties are the basis of the American political system ______.A. but there is no provision in the Constitution for political partiesB. and the Constitution has clear provisionC. but the founding fathers had strong apprehension of politicalpartiesD. Both A and C5. There have been ______ periods in the development of American politicalparties in the United States.A. four B. threeC. five D. two6. The first period if the party system refers to the appearance of ______.A. the FederalistsB. the Anti-FederalistsC. the Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsD. the Democratic-Republicans and the Anti-Federalists7. The Federalists advocated ______.A. a strong federal governmentsB. strong state governmentC. the adoption of Bill of RightsD. limits on the federal government8. The Democratic Party led by Andrew Jackson represented the interests of______.A. northern industrialists B. southern slave ownersC. frontiersmen D. Both B and C9. Abraham Lincoln was elected President as candidate of _____.A. the Democratic Party B. the Republican PartyC. the Whig Party D. None of the above10. From the 1860s to the 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the politicalscene and from the 1930s to the 1970s,______ was in power most of thetime.A. the Democratic Party B. the Republican PartyC. no party D. None of the above11. The two major parties today have ______ difference in policy orientation.A. no B. littleC. some D. great12. In terms of organization, the two major parties ______.A. have tight organizational structureB. have strong leadership at the national levelC. are well organized at the grass roots levelD. are merely political forces coming together in a loose way13. In the past few decades, the influence of political parties has beendeclining ______.A. so the political parties are no longer importantB. so an independent presidential candidate can win a national electionC. but without the backing of a political party, a presidentialcandidate still cannot winD. so the presidential election has become more unpredictable14. In 1992 ______ ran for the President as an independent candidate.A. Bill Clinton B. Ross PerotC. Bob Dole D. George Bush15. When the delegates met at Philadelphia in 1787, their task was ______.A. to write a new constitutionB. to see what they can do about the Articles of ConfederationC. to design a new form of governmentD. to revise the Articles of Confederation16. The writers of the Constitution worked out the Constitution worked outthe checks and balances in order to ______.A. prevent the government from misusing its powerB. prevent the government from being strongC. pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD. meet the demands of small states.17. The President of the United States is elected ______.A. indirectly by the electors B. by CongressC. directly by the voters D. None of the above18. A president can serve ______ term(s).A. only one B. twoC. more than two D. as many as four19. Today, there are altogether ______ departments of the U.S. government.A. 13 B. 11C. 17 D. 1520. The House Speaker and the temporary President of the Senate are usually______.A. elected by the majority partyB. chosen from the majority and minority partiesC. members of the majority partyD. chosen freely from the Congressmen and Senators1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.CExercises 20I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. public and private colleges and universities and community colleges offer______.A. continuing education programs of associate degreesB. graduate studies professional trainingC. professional trainingD. All of the above2. There is ______ age limit for adult education.A. no B. someC. definite D. None of the above3. The 1983 report A Nation At Risk cited as example of the decline ofeducational standards ______.A. high rates of adult illiteracyB. declining SAT scoresC. low scores of American students in key subjects as compared withscores of students of other countriesD. All of the above4. The report listed as new basics ______.A. English, mathematics, computer, social studiesB. science, mathematics, social studies, foreign languageC. English, science, social studies, mathematics, computerD. English, science, computer, social studies5. The two focuses of the education reforms in the mid-1980s were: ______.A. the raising of the standards of teaching and the reform incurriculumB. the raising of the standards of teaching and learning and therestructuring of the schoolsC. the raising of the standards of teaching and the improvement of thestandards of learningD. None of the above6. One of the six goals set by President Bush in his America 2000 Plan is______.A. elimination of drugs and violence from schoolB. the increase of high-school graduation rate to 86%C. competence in forging language, mathematics, science, history andgeographyD. the increase of adult literacy rate7. Since 1991, the goals set in the plan ______.A. have been largely achievedB. have largely not been achievedC. have been achieved in some significant areasD. have not been achieved at all8. To many Americans, education is important because ______.A. it contributes to the success of individualsB. it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC. it prepares the young people for future developmentD. Both A and B9. Elementary and secondary education is ______.A. freeB. compulsoryC. free and attendance is required by lawD. Both B and C10. American schools are divided into ______.A. public schools and private onesB. Public schools, private schools and community schoolsC. coeducation schools and single sex schools.D. national schools and state-run schools11. In the United States, educational policies are determined by ______.A. the federal government B. female only institutionsC. single sex institutions D. coeducation institutions12. In the United States, educational policies are determined by ______.A. the federal governmentB. the state and board of trustees in some statesC. local school districtD. board of trustees13. The governing board of school district is responsible for ______.A. the hiring of teachers and staffB. the designing of a suitable curriculumC. the compiling and approving of budgetD. All of the above14. High schools are made up of ______ different types of schools withsomewhat different tasks.A. four B. threeC. five D. None of the above15. Higher education in the United States consists of ______ types ofinstitutions.A. four B. fiveC. six D. seven16. The universities that offer doctoral degrees are ______.A. research universitiesB. doctoral universitiesC. A and B and some specialized institutionsD. Both A and B17. Board of trustees is composed chiefly of laymen because ______.A. they are more likely to represent public interestsB. they have more commonsense and less professional biasC. their interests are affected by board decisionsD. None of the above18. There is ______ difference between tuition rates in public and privateinstitutions of higher learning.A. no B. significantC. some D. None of the above19. In face of the rising cost for higher education, fields of graduate studythat are favored by students are those that ______.A. offer greater professional satisfactionB. make graduates more easily employedC. offer easy enrollmentD. offer more rewarding jobs in terms of payment20. Community college ______.A. offers bachelor degrees B. offers associate degrees.C. is a two-year college D. Both B and C1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.AB 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.DExercises 21I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Poor Richard"s Almanac contained ________ .A. many proverbs B. Franklin"s autobiographyC. voyages to the new land D. climates and crops2. In the early 19th century, New York City was ________.A. the capital of the United StatesB. the center of Harlem RenaissanceC. the center of knickerbockersD. None of the above3. Washington Irving"s most famous book The Sketch book contains _______ .A. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow B. Rip Van WinkleC. A History of New York D. Both A and B4. Washington Irving fills the stories with the local color of ______ .A. New York CityB. Hudson River valley near New YorkC. New York stateD. New England5. When Rip Van Winkle woke up and went back to his village, he found he hadslept in the hill for _______ .A. 10 years B. 20 yearsC. 50 years D. None of the above6. Emerson _______ Transcendentalist.A. called himself B. did not like the termC. never called himself D. created the term7. In the book Nature , Emerson stated that ________ .A. man"s relationship with nature transcends the idea of usefulnessB. nature is useful to manC. nature is independent of man and has nothing to do with manD. nature can only be used by man8. Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of those who ______ transcendentalism.A. supported B. was indifferent toC. attacked D. had nothing to do with9. The book The Scarlet Letter ends with Dimmesdale _______ .A. running away with HesterB. killing himself out of guiltC. overcoming his sense of guiltD. making a public confession and falling dead in the arms of Hester10. The locality in Mark Twain"s works was usually somewhere along _______.A. the Hudson River B. the Mississippi RiverC. the Missouri River D. the transcontinental railway11. In Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman sang praise of _______ .A. equalityB. equality, democracy and the common peopleC. democracyD. democracy and the common people12. Most of the poems written by Emily Dickinson were _______ .A. lost B. published during her lifetimeC. buried with her D. published after her death13. The two great themes of Dickinson"s poetry were _______.A. death and search for faith B. the grave and the soulC. the grave and faith D. death and the soul14. The novel Sister Carrie describes ________ .A. the death of HurstwoodB. the degeneration of Carrie MeeberC. how Carrie climbed up the social ladderD. Carrie"s love affair with Drouet15. T. S. Eliot"s The Waste Land is important because it ______ .A. deals with the cultural glories of the pastB. praises the lost generationC. is highly traditionalD. reveals the spiritual crisis of post-WWI Europe and it is originalin form16. The Lost Generation refers to those who _______ .A. have no ambition in lifeB. are physically and spiritually impotentC. are homelessD. are expatriates17. In the Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway praises the old fisherman"s ______.A. courage to face the risks of the high seasB. courage to fight the sharksC. courage to accept defeat of not catching anything for 84 daysD. attitude towards defeat and failure18. Langston Hughes was noted for his _______ .A. true description of urban Blacks in poetryB. unconventional portrayal of HarlemC. singing of black AmericaD. None of the above19. In the Native Son, Richard Wright makes readers see that _____ .A. the Blacks are alienatedB. the social situation of Bigger Thomas" tragedyC. the Blacks are bitterD. the life of the Blacks is miserable20. Popular music is different from classical music and folk music in that_______ .A. it is very noisyB. it is anonymousC. it is written as a commercial product for mass distributionD. it is an individual artistic creation1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.D 18.A 19.B 20 CExercises 22I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Canada is located in ________.A. the Southern Hemisphere B. The Northern HemisphereC. the Western Hemisphere D. The Eastern Hemisphere2. Canada is bounded on the east by ________.A. the Pacific Ocean B. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian Ocean D. the Arctic Ocean3. Nearly ________of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. half B. two-thirdsC. 89% D. 95%4. Canada"s largest city is _________.A. Montreal B. TorontoC. Ottawa D. Vancouver5. The longest river in Canada is _________.A. the Mackenzie B. the St. LawrenceC. the Severn D. the Yukon6. The St. Lawrence and ________together form an important transportationnetwork for eastern Canada.A. the Mackenzie B. the Great LakesC. the Yukon D. the Hudson Bay7. The Interior Plains lie between________ and _______ .A. the Canadian Shield/the Appalachian RegionB. the Canadian Shield/the Rocky MountainsC. the Great Lakes/the Arctic IslandsD. the Appalachian Region/the Great Lakes8. The name Canada is thought to be derived from kanata, an Indian wordmeaning _______.A. a guitar B. a meeting placeC. a settlement D. a piece of land9. Who was the first European to discover Canada?A. John Cabot. B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain D. Henry Hudson.10. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal onthe St. Lawrence River?A. John Cabot. B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain D. Henry Hudson.11. Why were the French troops in Canada defeated by the British during theSeven Years" War?A. Because they were not used to the weather in Canada.B. Because they did not get support from the local people.C. Because they did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.D. Because the British had larger and better settlements in Canada.12. Under______ , the French Canadian farming economy of the St. Lawrencevalley and its language, religion, and customs continued unchanged.A. the Quebec Act of 1774B. the Treaty of Paris in 1763C. the Constitutional Act of 1791D. the Act of Union in 184013. When was Canada divided into Upper Canada (English-speaking)and LowerCanada (French-speaking)?A. In 1763 B. In 1774C. In 1791 D. In 184014. When was Canada given internal self-government?A. In 1791 B. In 1840C. In 1848 D. In 186715. Under ________ , the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotiawere united to form the Do-minion of Canada.A. the Act of Union in 1840B. the British North America Act of 1867C. the Quebec Act of 1774D. the Constitutional Act of 179116. Who was the first prime minister of the new Canada?A. Sir John Macdonald. B. Sir Wilfrid Laurier.C. Robert Borden. D. Mackenzie King.17. In 1896 _______ took over and the country was ruled under Sir WilfridLaurier.A. the Conservative Party B. the Liberal PartyC. the Labor Party D. the New Democratic Party18. In 1905 two more provinces were created. They were_______ .A. Ontario and QuebecB. Manitoba and British ColumbiaC. Alberta and SaskatchewanD. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island19. In 1931 by_______ Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nationand became a member of the Common-wealth of Nations.A. the Peace Treaty of 1919 B. the Statute of WestminsterC. the Meek Lake Accord D. the constitution Act of 198220. In 1949 _______ became Canada"s tenth province.A. Newfoundland B. Prince Edward IslandC. Labrador D. British Columbia1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A下面到了愛、加、澳、新等小國的了Exercises 11I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of ______.A. its shapeB. its connection with BritainC. its abundant natural resourcesD. its rich green countryside2. Ireland is divided into two political parts: ______.A. Northern Ireland and Southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. The Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain3. The largest river in Ireland is ______.A. the Liffey River B. the Dodder RiverC. the Shannon River D. the Lough Derg4. The most significant feature of Irish landscape is ______, which providepeat used for fuel.A. bogs B. streamsC. islands D. cliffs5. Which of the following is not true of Ireland"s climate?A. It is dry. B. It is moist.C. It is mild. D. It is changeable.6. Ireland has the following demographic features except ______.A. it has a low birthrateB. it has a late marriage ageC. it has an excess of females in the populationD. it has a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages7. Ireland is unique among European countries for ______.A. its small populationB. its beautiful sceneryC. its rich natural resourcesD. its century-long population decline8. The population decreased from the 1840s until about 1970, largely becauseof ______.A. a low birth rate B. a high death rateC. a low employment rate D. a high emigration rate9. The population of Ireland is predominantly of ______ origin.A. English B. CelticC. Norman D. French10. In Ireland today about ______ of the population are Roman Catholics.A. 75% B. 80%C. 90% D. 93%11. When did the Anglo-Saxons invade Ireland?A. In 432. B. In 1170.C. In 1610. D. In 1641.12. Who was the first English king to bring all Ireland under Englishcontrol?A. Henry II. B. Henry III.C. Henry VIII. D. James II.13. Irish nationalism climaxed in ______.in which an Irish Republic wasproclaimed.A. the massacre of DroghedaB. the Easter Uprising of 1916C. the battle of the Borne (1690)D. the Chartist Movement14. The creation of Northern Ireland dates from ______.when the Irish FreeState was set up.A. 1916 B. 1921C. 1937 D. 194915. On Easter Monday, April 18, 1949, Eire became the Republic of Ireland,formally free of allegiance to the British crown and no longer a memberof ______.A. the Commonwealth of Nations B. the United NationsC. the NATO D. the EC16. Since independence the Irish Republic has adhered to ______.A. a policy of protectionismB. a policy of containmentC. a policy of military allianceD. a policy of neutrality and nonalignment17. When did the Republic of Ireland join the EC?A. In 1952. B. In 1955.C. In 1973. D. In 1975.18. When Albert Reynolds became Prime Minister in 1992, both Ireland andBritain agreed to hold regular meetings .A. to deal with the IRAB. to make preparations for a united IrelandC. to seek an end to the violence in Northern IrelandD. to improve relations with each other19. As a result of peace talks between Ireland and Britain a peace agreementon Northern Ireland was signed in ______.A. April 1997 B. May 1997C. April 1998 D. May 199820. The peace agreement on Northern Ireland was approved by voters acrossall of Ireland in a referendum held in ______.A. April 1997 B. May 1997C. April 1998 D. May 19981.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.D 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.DExercises 12I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. The 1937 Constitution abolished the Irish Free State and established Eireas ______.A. a constitutional monarchy B. a parliamentary republicC. a federal republic D. a socialist country2. In Ireland a prime minister is appointed by after nomination by ______.A. the Queen/the presidentB. the president/the QueenC. the Queen/the House of RepresentativesD. the president/the House of Representatives3. Who is the head of state in Ireland today?A. The Queen. B. The prime minister.C. The president. D. The Dai.4. In Ireland the House of Representatives is directly elected and now has______ members.A. 60 B. 120C. 166 D. 1865. In Ireland ______ is the court of final appeal and plays a key role inthe interpretation of the Constitution.A. the Supreme Court B. the High CourtC. the Highest Court D. the Central Court6. Ireland has a bipolar political party system with two major parties:____.A. Sinn Fein and Fianna Fail B. Fianna Fail and Fine GaelC. Sinn Fein and Fine Gael D. IRA and Sinn Fein7. ______ is the oldest of all the parties is Ireland.A. The Irish Labour Party B. The Progressive DemocratsC. Fianna Fail D. Fine Gael8. ______ is the largest of the minor parties in Ireland after the 1987election.A. The Irish Labour Party B. The Progressive DemocratsC. The Workers" Party D. The Democratic Socialists9. The economy of Ireland has been traditionally agricultural, but since______ the country"s industrial base has expanded.A. the mid-1950s B. the mid-1960sC. the 1970s D. the 1980s10. In Ireland the agricultural enterprise producing the most income is____.A. forestry B. vegetable growingC. sugar refining D. animal husbandry11. Sine the 1960s, ______ has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.A. manufacturing B. miningC. energy D. animal husbandry12. Industrial output has grown by an average of ______ annually sincetariff barriers were eliminated in 1977.A. 3% B. 5%C. 8% D. 10%13. Ireland is one of the leading exporters of ______ in Europe.A. coal and iron ore B. silver and goldC. copper and aluminum D. lead and zinc14. The oldest university in Ireland is ______.A. the National University B. Dublin City UniversityC. the University of Dublin D. Saint Patrick"s College15. The following are the major newspapers in Ireland except ______.A. the Irish Independent B. the Irish TimesC. the Irish Press D. the Sum16. Which of the following is the most influential of all Irish newspapers?A. The Irish Independent. B. The Irish Times.C. The Irish Press. D. The Sun.17. Ireland gave the world some of the greatest writers in the Englishlanguage, including Jonathan Swift, Oliver Goldsmith, and ______.A. William Shakespeare B. Charles DickensC. Oscar Wilde D. Bernard Shaw18. Among the following writers, who is the most well-know Irish writer ofthe modern period?A. George Bernard Shaw. B. Virginia Woolf.C. James Joyce. D. Stephen Leacock.19. The author of Ulysses is ______.A. George Bernard Shaw B. Virginia WoolfC. James Joyce D. Stephen Leacock20. In ______ the writer introduced the stream-of-consciousness technique asa remarkable means of character portrayal.A. UlyssesB. ExilesC. DublinersD. A Portrait of the Artist As A Young Man1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.C 20.D加拿大Exercises 23I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Canada is located in ________.A. the Southern Hemisphere B. The Northern HemisphereC. the Western Hemisphere D. The Eastern Hemisphere2. Canada is bounded on the east by ________.A. the Pacific Ocean B. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian Ocean D. the Arctic Ocean3. Nearly ________of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. half B. two-thirdsC. 89% D. 95%4. Canada"s largest city is _________.A. Montreal B. TorontoC. Ottawa D. Vancouver5. The longest river in Canada is _________.A. the Mackenzie B. the St. LawrenceC. the Severn D. the Yukon6. The St. Lawrence and ________together form an important transportationnetwork for eastern Canada.A. cards decorated with heartsB. Cupid armed with bow and arrowC. flowers tied with red ribbonsD. roast turkey7. The Interior Plains lie between________ and _______ .A. the Canadian Shield/the Appalachian RegionB. the Canadian Shield/the Rocky MountainsC. the Great Lakes/the Arctic IslandsD. the Appalachian Region/the Great Lakes8. The name Canada is thought to be derived from kanata, an Indian wordmeaning _______.A. a guitar B. a meeting placeC. a settlement D. a piece of land9. Who was the first European to discover Canada?A. John Cabot. B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain D. Henry Hudson.10. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal on theSt. Lawrence River?A. John Cabot. B. Jacques Cartier.C. Samuel de Champlain D. Henry Hudson.11. Why were the French troops in Canada defeated by the British during theSeven Years" War?A. Because they were not used to the weather in Canada.B. Because they did not get support from the local people.C. Because they did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.D. Because the British had larger and better settlements in Canada.12. Under______ , the French Canadian farming economy of the St. Lawrencevalley and its language, religion, and customs continued unchanged.A. the Quebec Act of 1774B. the Treaty of Paris in 1763C. the Constitutional Act of 1791D. the Act of Union in 184013. When was Canada divided into Upper Canada (English-speaking)and LowerCanada (French-speaking)?A. In 1763 B. In 1774C. In 1791 D. In 184014. When was Canada given internal self-government?A. In 1791 B. In 1840C. In 1848 D. In 186715. Under ________ , the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotiawere united to form the Do-minion of Canada.A. the Act of Union in 1840B. the British North America Act of 1867C. the Quebec Act of 1774D. the Constitutional Act of 179116. Who was the first prime minister of the new Canada?A. Sir John Macdonald. B. Sir Wilfrid Laurier.C. Robert Borden. D. Mackenzie King.17. In 1896 _______ took over and the country was ruled under Sir WilfridLaurier.A. the Conservative Party B. the Liberal PartyC. the Labor Party D. the New Democratic Party18. In 1905 two more provinces were created. They were_______ .A. Ontario and QuebecB. Manitoba and British ColumbiaC. Alberta and SaskatchewanD. Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island19. In 1931 by_______ Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nationand became a member of the Common-wealth of Nations.A. the Peace Treaty of 1919 B. the Statute of WestminsterC. the Meek Lake Accord D. the constitution Act of 198220. In 1949 _______ became Canada"s tenth province.A. Newfoundland B. Prince Edward IslandC. Labrador D. British Columbia1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A澳大利亞Exercises 27I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. Like the island continent of Antarctica, Australia is located entirely in______.A. the Northern Hemisphere B. the Southern HemisphereC. the North Pole D. the South Pole2. With regard to its size, Australia is ______ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the fourth largestC. the fifth largest D. the sixth largest3. The geographical structure of Australia is generally divided into threetopographical regions: ______.A. the Eastern Plateau, the Central highlands and the Western LowlandsB. the Central Plateau, the Western Highlands and the Eastern LowlandsC. the Western Plateau, the Eastern highlands and the Central EasternLowlandsD. the Central Plateau, the Western highlands and the Eastern Lowlands4. Although Australia has a large area, ______ of the continent is desert orsemi-desert.A. one third B. two thirdsC. half D. more than half5. Most Australians live on the cool, wet, forested ______.A. southeast coastland B. southwest coastlandC. northeast coastland D. northwest coastland6. The only places in Australia that experience regular winter snowfall andicy conditions are ______.A. the eastern coastal areas of QueenslandB. the Blue MountainsC. the New England TablelandD. the highest peaks of the Snowy Mountains and Victorian Highlands7. Australia"s most common plans are ______.A. oaks and elms B. palms and pinesC. willows and poplars D. eucalypts and wattles8. What animals are regarded as Australia"s national fauna?A. Koalas and possums. B. Emus and kangaroos.C. Echidnas and platypuses. D. Budgerigars and cockatoos.9. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people constitute ______ofAustralia"s population.A. 1% B. 1.5%C. 2% D. 2.5%10. Why has Australia always been a continent with few people?A. Because Australia is too far away from Europe.B. Because Australia is the least mountainous and most level of theworld"s continents.C. Because Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seas.D. Because most of the continent is hot and dry.11. Australia is politically divided into _____ states and _____ territories.A. four/three B. five/twoC. six/three D. six/two12. Australia is a nation of immigrants because the overwhelming majority ofthe Australian population are ______.A. whiteB. middle class peopleC. tourists from other countriesD. immigrants or their descendants13. Why is Australia"s New South Wales called the premier state?A. Because it was the first colony established by Britain in 1788.B. Because it is the biggest state in Australia.C. Because it is the most important state in Australia.D. Because it has the largest population in Australia.14. The only city on the western coast which has a population of more thanone million is ______.A. Darwin B. PerthC. the Gold Coast D. Brisbane15. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because___.A. it has the most beautiful seascape in the worldB. it has the greatest number of islands in the worldC. it has the most diverse and complex marine life in the worldD. it has the longest coast in the world16. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is internationally known forits ______.A. wine B. beautiful sceneryC. valuable minerals D. arts festival17. Western Australia is the biggest Australian state, but its population isonly ______ of the country"s population.A. 9% B. 10%C. 11% D. 12%18. Tasmania is an island which lies ______ of the Australian mainland.A. north of the northeastern cornerB. south of the southeastern cornerC. east of the northeastern comerD. west of the southeastern corner19. Why is the southern area of the Northern Territory called the Red Centreof Australia?A. Because Uluru is located there.B. Because it is extremely hot and dry.C. Because it consists of miles and miles of red-sand desert andmountain ranges.D. Because it lies in the tropics.20. Canberra, the capital of Australia, got its name from the wordCanburry ,which is an Aboriginal word meaning ______.A. meeting place B. beautiful gardenC. sacred site D. capital city1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.D 11.D 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.A新西蘭Exercises 33I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.1. New Zealand is situated about 1, 500 km _______.A. north-west of Australia B. south-east of AustraliaC. north-east of Australia D. south-west of Australia2. Because the country is very narrow, no place in New Zealand is more than______ from the sea.A. 100 km B. 110 kmC. 120 km D. 150 km3. New Zealand is the first country in the world to get the new day because_______ .A. it is just east of the International Date LineB. it is just west of the International Date LineC. it is located halfway between the equator and the South PoleD. it is located in the Southern Pacific Ocean4. A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that _______.A. it often has storms B. it often has volcanoesC. it often has earthquakes D. it often has droughts5. The Southern Alps, with Mt Cook in the center, runs almost the wholelength of ______ .A. New Zealand B. North IslandC. South Island D. Stewart Island6. The longest river in New Zealand is ________ .A. the Clutha River B. the WanganuiC. the Rangitata D. the Waikato7. The following are the volcanic mountains in North Island except ________ .A. Ruapehu B. Mt CookC. Ngaurohoe D. Tongariro8. The most serious potential natural disasters in New Zealand are _______ .A. storms and earthquakes B. volcanoes and floodsC. earthquakes and volcanoes D. floods and storms9. Except in the west of the Southern Alps, the climate in New Zealand isgenerally _______ .A. coldB. hotC. neither very hot nor very coldD. dry10. _______ is the flightless bird which has become a symbol of New Zealand.A. Emu B. KiwiC. Weka D. Pukeko11. The first European to visit New Zealand was _______ .A. Kupe B. Abel TasmanC. William Hobson D.James Cook12. Why was the British government interested in New Zealand?A. Trade with New Zealand was economically important.B. There were no laws to protect Maori rights in dealings with whitesettlers.C. The French government was taking an interest in New Zealand, too.D. All of the above.13. Modern New Zealand was founded on the basis of _____ signed betweenMaoris and British settlers in 1840.A. Maoritanga B. AotearoaC. the Treaty of Waitangi D. the Treaty of ANZUS14. ________ is the Maori name for New Zealand, meaning land of the long,white cloud".A. Waitangi B. KiwiC. Aotearoa D. Maoritanga15. The Maori believe that their ancestors, and all living things in theworld, were descended from _______ .A. the sky B. the landC. the God D. the gods16. According to Maori oral history, New Zealand was discovered by _______.A. Abel Tasman B. James CookC. Kupe D. Maui17. In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world _______ .A. to recognize Maori rights of self-determinationB. go give women the voteC. to introduce procedures for handling industrial disputesD. to adopt the 40-hour working week18. In 1891-1911 (under the Liberal-Labor Party) and 1935-1947 (under Labor)New Zealand won a world reputation of _______.A. its social experimentationB. its high standard of livingC. its economic achievementsD. its independent foreign policy19. Which of the following is not true about the Maori protest movement?A. It is popular with younger urban Maoris.B. It aims to gain recognition for their language, values and culturein national life.C. It demands compensation for their language, values and culture innational life.D. The New Zealand government has never paid any attention to themovement.20. Maoris have adopted many aspects of ______ and more and more NewZealanders now share in the rich heritage of _______.A. American culture/Asian cultureB. Western culture/Asian cultureC. American culture/Maori cultureD. Western culture/Maori culture1. B 2. B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.D英概一句話簡答完整版（余志遠版本）英國：1. What is the full name of the United Kingdom?It is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2. What are the two large island that make up the British Isles?They are Great Britain and Ireland.3. What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.4. Why does the United Kingdom have a mild climate, even though it lies farther north than our Heilongjiang Province?Because Britain s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.5. How many metropolitan areas does England have?England has seven metropolitan areas.6. What is the backbone of England?It is the Pennines.7. What is the largest lake in the British Isles?It is Lough Neagh.8. From what languages is English derived?England is mainly derived from the Anglo-Saxon and Norman-French languages.9. What is an eisteddfod?An eisteddfod is a Welsh festival of poetry, music and other arts.10. What have the Scottish people been famous for?The Scottish people have been famous for their close-knit clans, colorful plaid kilts, and skill as fierce warriors.11. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?Britain was under the Roman occupation for nearly 400 years.12. Why was the Roman impact upon the Britons surprisingly limited?The Roman impact on the Britons was surprisingly limited because the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class and they never intermarried with the native Britons.13. When did the Anglo-Saxons begin to settle in Britain?The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the 5th century.14. When did England begin to be Christianized?England began to be Christianized in 579.15. What was the result of the Synod of Whitby in Yorkshire in 664?The result of the Synod of Whitby was that the Roman missionaries gained the upper hand over the Celtic missionaries.16. What was Harold doing when he was informed of the invasion of Northumbria by Tostig and Harold Hardrada?He was in the south preparing to resist the expected attack from Normandy.17. Where did Harold defeat Tostig and Hardrada?Harold defeated Tostig and Harold Hardrada at Stanford Bridge.18. By whom was William crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey?William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey by the Archbishop of York.19. What did William do after he suppressed the Saxon risings in the north?He built a string of defense castles to ensure his military control of the whole country.20. Was the Norman Conquest the last successful invasion of England?Yes. The Norman Conquest was the last successful invasion of England because England has never been invaded since.21. Why did William I give his barons large estates in England?William I gave large estates to his barons because he wanted to get a promise of military service and a proportion of the land s produce.22. What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?All landowners, big and small, took the oath of allegiance for the land they held, not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king.23. Why did William I have the Domesday Book compiled?William I had the Domesday Book compiled because he wanted to have a reliable record of all his land, his tenants and their possessions and to discover how much his tenants could be asked to pay by way of taxes.24. What was William I s policy towards the church?He wanted to keep it completely under his control, but at the same time to uphold its power.25. Why did Henry II make Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury?He thought that Thomas Becket would assist him in carrying out legal reforms.26. What brought Henry II into collision with Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury?The exceptional privileges enjoyed by the clergy brought Henry II into collision with Thomas Becket.27. What are the two aspects of the Norman legacy that contributed to great domestic unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries?One was England s possession of territory in France. The other was Norman adherence to Roman Catholicism.28. Who was the French national heroine during the Hundred Year s War who helped the French to drive the English out of France?Joan of Arc.29. When did the government establish rules for the first time to keep down wages?The government established rules for the first time to keep down wages in 1351.30. How many peasant in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard II s troops?40,000 peasants in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard II s troops.31. What were the emblems of the Houses of York and Lancaster?The emblem of the House of York was a white rose and the emblem of the House of Lancaster was a red rose.32. What was the impact of the Wars of the Roses on feudalism in England?The Wars of the Roses dealt a death blow to feudalism in England.33. How did Elizabeth I try to avoid troubling Parliament too often for pounds?She tried to avoid troubling Parliament by making strict economies at Court.34. What questions did Elizabeth I treat as personal and private?These questions were her religion, her marriage, her foreign policy, the succession to the throne, and her finance.35. How did Elizabeth I manage to maintain in friendly relationship with France?She managed to maintain a friendly relationship with France through her marriage alliances which were never materialized.36. When was Mary Queen of Scots executed?Mary Queen of Scots was executed in 1587.37. What did the destruction of the Spanish Armada show?It showed England s superiority as a naval power.38. What was the long-term result of the Gunpowder Plot?The long-term result of the Gunpowder Plot has been an annual celebration of November 5, when a bonfire is lit to burn a guy and a firework display is arranged.39. What was Puritanism noted for?It was noted for simple dress, high moral standards and very egalitarian attitudes.40. What is a constitutional monarchy?A constitutional monarchy is one whose power is limited by Parliament.41. What did the Whigs stand for in the early 19th century?They stood for a reduction in Crown patronage, sympathy towards Nonconformists, and care for the interests of merchants and bankers.42. Why did changes in farming methods affect lives of millions in the 18th century?Changes in farming methods affected lives of millions in the 18th century England because village and agriculture were the backbone of England at that time.43. What did the land owners want to do in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?They wanted to replace the small farms cultivated on the open-field system by larger, economically more efficient farms with hedge-divided fields.44. Why was King George III nicknamed Farmer George ?King George III was nicknamed Farmer George because he was very enthusiastic about agricultural changes at Winsor.45. What were the two events which most alarmed the British ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?They were the American War of Independence and the French Revolution.46. When did the British begin to transport convicts to Australia?The British began to transport convicts to Australia in 1788.47. What was the result of the general strike of 1926?The strike failed. The miners were forced to return to work with longer hours and lower wages even than before. Yet, outside the mining district, the strike seemed to have improved relations between the workers and the middle classes.48. Why did Edward VIII abdicate in 1936 after a reign of 10 months?Edward VIII abdicated because he wanted to marry Wallis Simpson, a twice-divorced American.49. When did Britain finally become a full member of the European Economic Community?Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community in January,1973.50. Why was Mrs. Thatcher removed from office in 1990?It was because of her opposition to European Union and her imposition of an extremely unpopular flat-rate poll tax in place of property taxes to pay or local government service.51. What are the economic problems Britain is now faced with?Britain is now faced with a low rate of industrial growth, unemployment, and a rising inflation rate.52. What percentage of British workers are employed in service industries?More than 70% of British workers are employed in service industries.53. Why were early factories located near the coal fields?Because coal powered the steam engines that moved the machinery.54. In which British industry did the Industrial Revolution begin?The Industrial Revolution began in Britain s textile industry.55. Where are oil and natural gas found in Britain?Oil and natural gas are found under the North Sea.56. Why is it that Britain imports more clothing than it exports?Because many countries with lower labor costs can produce clothing more cheaply than the British can.57. Which area in Britain is called the Silicon Glen ?The area between Glasgow and Edinburgh in Scotland is called the Silicon Glen .58. What is the county of Kent in southeastern England famous for?It is famous for its beautiful blossoms of its apple and cherry orchards in springtime.59. What are Britain s most important imports?British imports include chemicals, clothing, foods, machinery, metals, motor vehicles, paper and newsprint, petroleum products, and textiles.60. What are Britain s most important exports?British exports are aerospace equipment, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, foods and beverages, machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum, and scientific and medical equipment.61. Where does the Sovereign s coronation take place?The Sovereign s coronation takes place at Westminster Abbey in London.62. When is the Sovereign s birthday officially celebrated?It is officially celebrated in June every year.63. What does the Duke of Edinburgh do when the Queen pays state visits to foreign governments?He accompanies her.64. Where does the Queen s expenditure arising from public duties come from?The Queen s expenditure arising from public duties comes from the Civil List and government departments.65. What does the term parliament originally mean?The term parliament originally means a meeting for a parley or discussion.66. What is the main function of the House of Lords?The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of law-making.67. What is the Speaker s task in the House of Commons?His task is to preside over the House and enforce the rules of order.68. How many counties are there in England and Wales?There are 53 counties in England and Wales.69. What are the three island areas where single-tier authorities were introduced in Scotland?They are the Orkneys, the Shetlands and the Western Isles.70. How do local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue?They raise revenue through the council tax.71. What are the two main branches of the law in Britain?They are criminal law and civil law.72. How many types of criminal courts are there in Scotland?There are three types of criminal courts in Scotland. They are the High Court of Justiciary, the sheriff court, and the district court.73. What is the difference between solemn procedure and summary procedure?In solemn procedure, a defendant is tried by a judge sitting with a jury. In summary procedure the judge sits without a jury.74. What are the three divisions of the High Court?They are the Family Division, the Chancery Division, and the Queen s Bench Division.75. What is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the United Kingdom?It is the House of Lords.76. Who directly controls London s Metropolitan Police Force?The Home Secretary controls London s Metropolitan Police Force.77. What are the chief aims of the penal system?The chief aims are to deter the potential law-breaker, and to reform the convicted offender.78. How many prisons are there in Northern Ireland?There are 4 prisons in Northern Ireland.79. How long can a court probation order last?A court probation order can last between 6 months and 3 years.80. What courses (or schemes) and services are provided in all prisons?Training courses, educational schemes, medical services and welfare services are provided in all prisons.81. Are British people obliged to use the National Health Service?No. They are not obliged to use the service.82. What are services for elderly people aimed at?Services for elderly people are aimed at helping them live at home whenever possible.83. What is the aim of the social security system?The aim of the social security is to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.84. At what age do men and women generally retire?Men generally retire at the age of 65, and women at the ate of 60.85. What are the two established churches in Britain?They are the Church of England in England and the Church of Scotland in Scotland.86. How many provinces does the Church of England have?The Church of England has two provinces: Canterbury and York.87. When were the first women priests ordained in Britain?They were ordained in March 1994.88. Who founded the Salvation Army in the East of London in 1865?William Booth, a great follower of John Wesley, founded the Salvation Army.89. Where do the people in London go to see the Christmas decorations?They go to Oxford Street, Regent Street and Piccadilly to see the Christmas decorations.90. Why is December 26th called Boxing Day ?December 26th is called Boxing Day because it was formerly the custom to give Christmas boxes , or gifts of money, to servants and tradesmen on this day.91. How many kinds of state secondary schools are there in Great Britain?Three. They are grammar school, secondary modern school and comprehensive school.92. When was the Open University founded?When did it begin its first courses?It was founded in 1969, and it began its first courses in 1970.93. Why is the Open University so named?It is so named because it is open to all to become students.94. How much money is spent on press advertising every year in Great Britain?About ￡5,100 million.95. How much time do British people spend a day watching television?People spend an average of over three and a half hours a day watching television.96. How are the state-run television channels BBC1 and BBC2 financed?They are financed from the sale of television licences.97. How are independent channels ITV and C4 funded?They are funded entirely by advertising.98. When did the BBC begin to provide regular television broadcasts?The BBC began to provide regular television broadcasts in 1936.99. Which sport is regarded as typically English?Cricket is the most typically English sport.100. What is a copyright library?It is a library which is entitled to receive a free copy of every book published in the United Kingdom.美國1. How does the United States rank among the countries of the world in population and area?The United States of America is the third-largest country in the world in population and the fourth-largest country in area.2. What are the two major mountain ranges in the United States?They are the Appalachian Highlands and the Rocky Mountains.3. What is the Continental Divide, or Great Divide?The Continental Divide, or Great Divide, is an imaginary line that separates streams that flow into the Pacific Ocean from those that flow into the Atlantic.4. What are the five Great Lakes of the United States?They are Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior.5. How many geographical regions can be found in the United States? What are they?There are seven geographical regions in the United States. They are New England, the Middle Atlantic States, the southern States, the Midwestern States, the Rocky Mountain states, the Southwestern States, and the Pacific Coast States and the New States.6. What states are in New England?New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.7. Apart from Now York City, what other large cites are located in the Middle Atlantic region?Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Buffalo, and Newark.8. What is the Midwest famous for?The Midwest is famous for its large stretches of fertile soil.9. What states make up the Pacific Coast Region?The region known as the Pacific Coast includes the western parts of Washington and Oregon and nearly all of California.10. What role does tourism play in Hawaii s economy?Tourism is Hawaii s most important industry.11. What is the population of the United States? How does it rank in the world?The United States is the third most populous country in the world after China and India, with a population of 267 million (estimated) in April 1997.12. What is the reason for the growth of population in Florida?It is because of its warm climate and convenience in doing business with and traveling to Central and South America.13. Which are the five biggest cities, in terms of population, in the United States?New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, San Francisco, Philadelphia.14. Why are people moving so often in the United States?People often move from one place to another for various reasons: to look for better job opportunity or for better climate or for other goals.15. What are some of the consequences of the outflow of city residents to the suburbs?The movement brings serious consequences to big cities: rising unemployment rate, the increase of the number of poor people, the worsening of city living conditions and the fall of government revenues.16. Which are the three largest groups of Hispanics?The Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.17. Why do many Puerto Ricans go to the United States?They are drawn to the United States by better job opportunities.18. What explanation do experts give for the success of Asian-Americans?The experts attribute the success to Asian cultural tradition: emphasis on education, hard work and family.19. What was the fate of Japanese-Americans in WWII?The Japanese-Americans were taken to relocation centers in isolated parts of the western mountain and plains states and stayed behind barbed wires.20. Can you give an example to show the awakening of American Indians?Many Indians are taking legal steps to demand compensation for land and resources grabbed from them illegally.21. What is one of the explanations of how the early Indians came to the Americans?One of the explanations is the Indians crossed from Asia on the landbridge that connected Siberia and Alaska.22. How did the Plymouth settlers manage to survive?The neighboring Indians came to teach them how to grow corn and they succeeded in having a good harvest.23. In what way were the Puritans different from the Pilgrims?The Pilgrims were mostly poor, labouring people while the Puritans were wealthy, well-educated gentlemen.24. Did the War of Independence start with the adoption of the Declaration of Independence?No. It started when clashes took place at Concord and Lexington.25. What was the chief weakness of the Articles of Confederation?The chief weakness was the document failed to set up a government that could function.26. What was the significance of the adoption of the Bill of Rights?The adoption of the Bill of Rights in addition to the Constitution completed the foundation of the American constitutional system.27. Why did American territorial expansion threaten British interest?Because some Americans wanted to take advantage of the war in Europe to expand into Canada. This ran counter to British interest.28. What was the Compromise of 1850?The Compromise of 1850 was an arrangement which kept a balance between free and slave states in the Senate.29. Why did the Civil War break out?The Civil War broke out because the southern states left the Union and formed a new nation but president Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union.30. How did the government help in the development of American economy?The government carried out the policy of trade protectionism.1. What were the three features in the growth of American economy at the beginning of the 20th century?Large corporation, urbanization and new technology were the three features.2. What was the basic demand of the Progressive Movement?The basic demand was government regulation of economic and social conditions.3. Why did the United States pursue a policy of pro-Ally partiality in the early part of WWI?Because of ethnic ties, cultural tradition, social background, economic interests and successful British propaganda, the U.S. government pursued such a policy.4. What were the immediate causes that led the United States into the war?The immediate causes were Germany s unlimited submarine warfare and Germany s attempt to get Mexico into the war against the United States.5. What government policies in the 1920s helped big business?The policies of tariff protection, favorable tax rates and little government restrictions contributed to high profits of big businesses.6. How did many Americans view their country after WWI?They believed that American political, economic and social institutions were the best in the world.7. What was the experience of WWI veterans demanding payment of bonuses in Washington D.C. in 1932?They were driven out of the capital by military force directed by General McArthur.8. What were some of the personal characteristics of F.D.R. that helped him in doing his work as president?He had a sure sense of what was practical or possible, a strong sense of timing and was a great communicator.9. What were the two guiding principles underlying American diplomatic activities in WWII?The first was to win the war; the second was to bring the Soviet Union into a postwar world order under American leadership.10. What was the basic reason for the postponement of the opening of the Second Front?It was a reflection of the desire of not letting the Soviet Union expand into eastern and central Europe too quickly.11. What was the postwar strategy of the United States?The strategy was American leadership of the world and open market for American goods and capital.12. What was the theory put forward by the Soviet Union in around 1946?There could be no long-term peaceful co-existence between socialism and capitalism.13. What was the immediate cause of the Berlin crisis in 1948?The Soviet Union cut off Western routes to West Berlin.14. What decision did President Truman make to deal with the Berlin crisis?He decided to mobilize all possible American cargo planes to airlift supplies into West Berlin.15. What effect did the Berlin blockade have on the people in West Berlin and western occupied zones?it pushed the people in West Berlin and western occupied zones further to the side of the United States because they were grateful for American airlifts.16. What measure did the United States take in the Cuban Missile Crisis?The United States introduced a naval blockade around Cuba and demanded the dismantlement and withdrawal of the missiles from Cuba.17. Did the allies of the United States give their full support to the U.S. in the Vietnam War?No , some criticized the United States for escalation of the war, some refused to support American war efforts.18. What is the significance of the Shanghai Communique?The key thing is American commitment to a one China policy.19. What is the importance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?The Act outlawed racial discrimination in housing and employment.20. What is the Port Huron Statement about?The Port Huron Statement was the platform of the Students for a Democratic Society ( SDS ) which condemned racism, poverty amidst plenty, big corporations and the Cold War.21. How does the United States rank among the countries of the world in the total value of its economic production?The United States ranks first among the countries of the world in the value of its economic production.22. What kind of system is the United States economy based on?The United States economy is based on a free enterprise system.23. What are the factors that have helped build the United States into the economic giant it is today?The United States has one of the world s most varied populations, and the vast space and resources of the land, the ideals of freedom and economic opportunity, and hard work by the people have helped build the United States into the economic giant it is today.24. What are the major natural resources in the United States?Fertile soil, forests, water, and minerals are the major natural resources in the United States.25. What are some of the leading farm products in the United States?They are corn, wheat, beef cattle, milk, soybeans, cotton, chickens and eggs, and hogs.26. What has helped make U.S farms the most efficient in the world?The use of modern farm machinery and agricultural methods has helped make U.S. farms the most efficient in the world.27. What areas have long been major U.S centers of manufacturing?The Midwest and Northeast.28. How does California rank among the states in the value of its manufactured goods?California ranks first among the states in the value of its manufactured goods.29. What are the problems the U.S economy has faced form time to time?They are recessions, depressions and inflation.30. Why is the poverty rate higher in the United States than in several other industrialized nations, including Canada, Australia, and Germany?Because they have more generous social programs for the poor and a higher minimum wage than the United States.1. What role has the Constitution played?The Constitution has been the basis for the evolution of governmental institutions and for political stability, economic growth and social progress in the United States.2. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?The weaknesses were: there was no national executive to enforce the laws and there was no national court system and Congress had no power to tax, nor to regulate trade between states.3. What mechanism did the writers of the Constitution introduce to provide safeguards?They introduced the mechanism of separation of powers and checks and balances.4. What are the three branches of the government?They are the legislative, the executive and the judicial.5. How is the American president elected?The voters vote for the electors and the electors vote for the president. But as soon as the votes of the voters are counted the number of electors for each candidate is known and who has won the election is known.6. According to the Constitution, what judicial power does the President have?He has the power to give reprieves and pardons in federal criminal cases.7. How are the two chambers of Congress made up?The Senate is composed of two members from each state, with a total number of 100 while membership in the House of Representatives is based on population. Currently the House has 435 members.8. What are the two special powers of the Senate?One is to confirm presidential appointments and the other is to ratify treaties by a tow-thirds vote.9. What is the composition of the federal court system?The federal court system consists of a supreme court, 11 courts of appeals, 91 district courts ( including one for the District of Columbia and one for Puerto Rico ) and three courts of special jurisdiction.10. What is the cause for the decline of the influence of political parties?The near destruction of the patronage system and the wide use of direct primaries in the selection of delegates to the party national conventions contribute to the decline of the influence of political parties.11. Is there any single sex educational institution in the U.S.?Yes, there are quite a number.12. Why is it that responsibility for education fall on the state?Because it is laid down in the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.13. Why are there many variations in the education system of the 50 states?Because each state is expected to develop policies for the education within its boundary.14. Who is the chief executive officer under the local board of education?The superintendent of schools.15. What are the three types of high schools?They are comprehensive, academic, vocational and technical schools.16. Why does the number of graduate school enrollment keep climbing?Because an advanced degree is viewed as a major way to move ahead in the career.17. What are the fields favored by postgraduates?Those fields that would not only make students easily employed but would provide them with rewarding jobs.18. What is the guiding principle of community college?It is higher education for everyone and the philosophy that equality must mena equal opportunity for self-realization and for the recognition of individual difference.19. What are the two focuses of the reform in the 1980s?They are the raising of the standards of teaching and learning and the restructuring of the schools.20. Are the goals set out in the plan America 2000 easy to achieve?No, they are very difficult to achieve.21. Who were the writers of the first American writings?They were the first settlers.22. How does the story Rip Van Winkle end?When the story ends, Rip Van Winkle s fierce wife is dead and he lives happily with his daughter.23. What is Emerson s view of man and nature?He holds that man s relationship with nature should not be confined to making use of nature.24. Why did Hawthorne attack transcendentalism?Because it glorified absolute individualism without any regard for social impact.25. What does Mark Twain want to put across in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?He wants to show the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people.26. What does leaf of grass stand for?It stands for all ordinary things and common people.27. What were the two guides for Dickinson in her search for faith?They wee the Bible and the philosophy of Emerson.28. What contrast did Dreiser make in Sister Carrie?He made sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York.29. What was the first uniquely American contribution to architecture?It was skyscraper.30. When did rock n roll become the standard form of popular music for teenagers?By the early 1960s it had become the standard popular m1. What do people say to each other at Time Square when the clock strikes at twelve o clock on New Year s Day?They say Happy New Year.2. Why did Congress vote to set a day in honor of Martin Luther King?Because he was respected and loved by the Americans, black and white, for his leadership of the Civil Rights Movement.3. Why was Lincoln considered to be a man who lived out the American Dream?Because Lincoln was born in a poor family in Kentucky and through hard work and study , honesty, he became America s sixteenth President.4. What do people usually do on Valentine s Day?It is popular to send cards decorated with hearts and flowers to express love.5. Why do children eat cherry pies on Washington s birthday?Because they are familiar with the story of Washington and the cherry tree and they eat cherry pie to remember him as an honest man.6. What are the two symbols frequently associated with EasterThey are the egg and the hare ( or the bunny ).7. What did a group of women in the south do on May 30, 1868?They decorated the graves of both Union and Confederate soldiers.8. Why were American children awarded the 1965 Nobel Prize for peace?They were awarded the prize for their collection of money for UNICEF to help children in developing countries.9. Why was the unknown soldier buried at Arlington in 1921 awarded two medals?The honors were not for one but for all who had given their lives in the war.10. What is the typical food for Thanksgiving dinner?The typical food is roast turkey, pumpkin pie and cranberry sauce.愛爾蘭1． Why is Ireland also called the Emerald Isle?Rolling farmlands and pastures cover the central part of the island and they remain green all year round.2． Why has Ireland been geographically compared to a basin?Because the central part of the island is lowland and it has mountains around it near the coasts.3． What is the largest river in Ireland?The Shannon River is the largest river in Ireland.4． What kind of climate does Ireland have?It has a mild and moist climate all year round.5． Why did the population of Ireland decrease from the 1840s until about 1970?Because it had a high emigration rate.6． What percentage of people are Roman Catholics?93.1% of people are Roman Catholics.7． What is the traditional tongue of Ireland?Irish.8． When and how did the partition of Ireland occur?The partition of Ireland occurred in 1921 under the Anglo Irish Treaty.9． When did Eire become the Republic of Ireland?In April 1949.10．When was the Downing Street Declaration issued?In December 1993.11. Who is the head of state in Ireland?The president is the head of state in Ireland.12. Who is the head of government in Ireland?The prime minister is the head of government in Ireland.13. What does the Irish parliament consist of?The Irish parliament consists of the House of Representatives (Dail Eireann) and the Senate (Seanad).14. What are the two major political parties in Ireland?They are Fianna Fail and Fine Gael.15. What does Fianna Fail mean in Irish?It means soldiers of destiny in Irish.16. What does Fine Gael mean in Irish?It means Irish tribe or united Ireland in Irish.17. Why is Irish farming a mixed economy?Most of the Irish farmers have a small piece of arable land and a considerable area of pasture and meadow. They depend chiefly for their living on occasional cash crops and some form of livestock.18. Why does Ireland have a chronic imbalance of trade?Ireland depends on imported oil and it has a high import bill.19. What kind of Language is Irish?Irish is a Celtic language.20. Who is regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 20th century?James Joyce is regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 20th century.加拿大1. Where is Canada located?Canada is located in the Western Hemisphere.Canada lies to the north of the United States.2. How big is Canada? Which country is bigger than Canada?Canada is the world s second largest country after Russia. It is the largest country in the Western Hemisphere.3. How could you describe Canada s climate?Because of its size, Canada has a great variety of climatic conditions. Generally speaking, the climate in Canada is unfavourable because much of the country has long and cold winters with deep snow.4. What are Canada s two largest lakes?Canada s two largest lakes are Lakes Superior and Huron.5. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal in 1608?Samuel de Champlain did.6. What happened to the French colony after the Seven Years War?After the Seven Years War the French were forced to give up every inch of land in North America and the whole of Canada came under the British rule.7. Who were the first British settlers in Canada?They were American refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence.8. What happened to Lower Canada and Upper Canada under the Act of Union in 1840?Under the Act of Union in 1840 lower Canada and Upper Canada were united to form the province of Canada which had two sections: Canada West and Canada East.9. What was the most important event that took place in Canada under Sir John Macdonald?In 1869, under Sir John Macdonald, Canada bought from the Hudson Bay Company the vast middle west from which the province of Manitoba and other prairie provinces and northern territories were formed.10. When and how did Canada become a sovereign nation?By the Statute of Westminster in 1931 Canada became a sovereign nation.11. What are the most important natural resources in Canada?They are water and water power, fish, forests, and furs.12. Why is the Canadian Shield so important to Canada s economy?A great belt of forest land stretches across the Canadian Shield, which provides raw materials for Canada s lumbering and paper products industry.13. What are Canada s main agricultural products?They are wheat, barley, oats, dairy products, meat, and fruit.14. What is Canada s chief manufacturing industry?Transportation equipment is Canada s chief manufacturing industry.15. What were Canada s major exports in 1994?They were motor vehicles and parts, mineral fuels, machinery, wood products, paper and paperboard, electrical equipment, wood pulp, aluminium products, and cereals.16. What were Canada s major imports in 1994?They were motor vehicles and parts, heavy machinery, communication equipment, office equipment, and industrial machinery.17. What does NAFTA stand for?NAFTA stands for North America Free Trade Agreement.18. Why did America start to get involved in Canadian manufacturing in the late 19th century?American-owned firms built branch plants to serve the Canadian market and thereby avoid the tariffs involved in exporting their products to Canada.19. What was the labor force in Canada in 1994?It was 14.8 million in Canada in 1994.20. What economic problems does Canada have today?They are unemployment, a negative balance of payments, a fiscal deficit, and slow growth in some regions in Canada.21. What kind of system of government does Canada have?Canada has a federal system of government.22. What is the difference between territories and provinces?Territories have less autonomy from the federal government than provinces have.23. What does the Canadian Parliament consist of?The Canadian Parliament consists of the British Queen and two houses: the House of Commons and the Senate.24. Who is head of state in Canada?The sovereign of Great Britain is head of state in Canada.25. Who is head of government in Canada?The prime minister is head of government in Canada?26. What are the two main political parties in Canada?The two main political parties in Canada are the Liberal Party and the Progressive Conservative Party.27. In what way does Quebec differ from other provinces?Quebec has a strong French culture.28. Who was Rene Levesque?He was a popular Quebec politician who created a movement dedicated to giving Quebec full sovereignty, together with an association with the rest of Canada.29. What does sovereignty-association mean?Sovereignty-association means giving Quebec full sovereignty, together with an association with the rest of Canada.30. What happened to the 1995 referendum on Quebec s future status?It was rejected by the barest margin: less than 1% divided the no votes from the yes votes.31. Why has Canada s population grown quickly since World War II ended in 1945?It was due to heavy immigration and a relatively high birth rate.32. What are the two largest ethnic groups in Canada?The two largest groups are those of British and French origin.33. In which province do most of the French-speaking Canadians live?Most of the French-speaking Canadians live in the province of Quebec.34. Who are the native peoples of Canada?They are American Indians and Inuit.35. What is the most popular sport in Canada?Hockey is the most popular sport in Canada.36. What are the most common leisure activities in Canada?They are swimming, tennis, golf and baseball.37. What elements of Canada s character have contributed to the formation of Canadian culture?The bilingual, multicultural and North American elements of Canada s character have contributed to the formation of Canadian culture.38. Which group developed the first distinctly Canadian style of painting?The Group of Seven developed the first distinctly Canadian style of painting.39. Who was Stephen Leacock?He was a Canadian writer and economist. He is best known for his essays, parodies and short stories.40. What does the Canada Council do to promote Canadian culture?The Canada Council provides financial assistance to individual artists and to orchestras, theatres, and other organizations.澳大利亞1. Why is Australia sometimes called the land Down Under ?Australia is sometimes called the Land Down Under because it is situated in the Southern Hemisphere. It is halfway around the world from England, its mother country.2. Australia is generally divided into three topographical regions. What are they?They are the Western Plateau, the Eastern Highlands and the Central Eastern lowlands.3. What kind of climate does Australia have?The interior of Australia has a hot and dry climate, but the coastal areas have a maritime climate.4. What are the effects of such a climate?(a) Most Australians live on the south-east coastland.(b) Plants that can thrive in hot dry conditions are usually small plants such as grasses and shrubs.5. What are the most common native plants and animals in Australia?The most common native plants are eucalypts and wattles.The most common native animals are kangaroos and emus.6. There are many aspects of Australian way of life that are still British. Give two or three examples.(a) The system of government is modeled on the Westminster system.(b) The Australian flag has the Union Jack in the top left corner.The head of the Australian government is the Queen of England.7. Into what political divisions is Australia separated? List the names of the states and territories.Australia is politically divided into six states and two territories. The six states are New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. The two territories are the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory.8. In terms of land area and population, which is the biggest state and which is the smallest state in Australia?In terms of land area, the biggest is Western Australia and the smallest is Tasmania. In terms of population, the biggest is New South Wales and the smallest is Tasmania.9. What are Australia s major cities?They are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth and Canberra.10. Why is Australia regarded as one of the most urbanized countries in the world?Because 80% of Australians live in the suburbs of coastal cities and towns.11. What are the three periods into which Australia is divided?The first period is from the arrival of aborigines to the colonization of Australia by the British in 1788. The second period is the colonial period which lasted until 1901. The third period is from federation in 1901 to the present.12. Where are the Aborigines believed to have come from?It is believed that the Aborigines came to Australia from Southeast Asia.13. Why are the Aborigines usually described as hunter-gatherers?Because they lived from the land by hunting animals and birds, by catching fish and gathering plant foods, shellfish and eggs.14. What is the significance of the land to the Aborigines?The land was central in the life of the Aborigines. They got their living from it and it shaped their religious beliefs. They believed that they did not own the land but that the land owned them.15. Who was James Cook?He was an English navigator and explorer. He sighted the eastern coast of Australia and named the region around it New South Wales. He took possession of New South Wales in the name of King George III of England.16. Why did the British decide to establish a penal colony in Australia?The British decided to establish a penal colony in Australia to receive convicts from Britain.17. How did a gold rush start in Australia at the beginning of the 1850s?The first official discoverer of gold in Australia was Edward Hargraves. He used his panning experience from the Californian diggings to find gold near Bathurst(NSW) in February 1851. Coupled with finds by his associates this started a gold rush.18. What were the causes of the Eureka Stockade?Causes of the Eureka Stockade included resentment against the licensing system for goldminers and the harsh way it was administered, as well as a general demand for voting rights by the miners.19. What changes took place in Australia in the three decades following the goldrushes of the 1850s?The three decades following the 1850s goldrushes were a period of great development in Australia. Considerable changes took place in daily life, work, industry and people s attitudes in the cities and in the country.20. What did the Australian colonies decide to do at the end of the 1890s?They decided to join together to form a unified nation.21. What was the main argument for federation put forward by the nationalists?Australia should be kept white, and preferably of British stock.22. Why did the businessmen support federation?They supported free, Australia-wide trade because trade restrictions and tariff barriers at the borders between the colonies weakened the Australian economy.23. Who gave great encouragement to the federation conferences and debates during the 1880s?Henry Parkes and Edmund Barton of NSW, Alfred Deakin of Victoria and Samuel Griffith of Queensland did.24. What was the nature of the White Australia Policy?It was an immigration policy based on racial discrimination.25. What was the significance of the Gallipoli campaign to Australia?It was a complete military defeat, but it was seen as a noble defeat, not as something shameful. It was and is still hailed as Australia s coming of age.26. What caused a serious economic downfall in Australia at the end of the 1920s?World prices of wheat and wool dropped from the 1927-1928 period, and demand for Australian produce fell when overseas markets started buying from other countries that were able to sell at cheaper prices.27. How did the Pearl Harbor incident affect the Australian people?There was a very real fear among the Australians that Australia might be invaded.28. What were the main objectives of the Chifley government after the war?They were full employment and social security.29. What happened to the Whitlam government on 11 November 1975?It was dismissed by the Governor-General John Kerr.30. What was the major problem facing the Australian economy by the end of the 1980s?It was the current account deficit.1. What are the factors that have affected the efficiency of Australian manufacturing?Australia s limited local market, its geographical isolation and high levels of tariff protection are the factors that have affected the efficiency of Australian manufacturing.2. Why has the Australian government put up tariff and nontariff barriers to trade?The aim has been to support domestic protection and maintain full employment.3. What has been a key factor in the history of agriculture in Australia?A key factor in the history of agriculture has been the ability to compete effectively on world markets.4. Why is the minerals and energy industry central to the Australian economy?Because it has been a major source of export earnings and a recurring catalyst to Australia s economic development.5. Why has the service industry been growing so fast in Australia in recent decades?This is due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by governments of educational, health and welfare services.6. What is the main feature of Australia s trade?The main feature of Australia s trade is the exchange of raw materials for finished producets.7. Why has the terms of trade been moving steadily against Australia in recent decades?In recent years commodity prices have tended to decline while prices of manufactured goods have tended to go up.8. What is the solution to the problem posed by Australia s worsening terms of trade?The solution to the problem is to reduce Australia s reliance on commodity exports by diversifying and increasing in manufactured exports.9. What is the Achilles heel of the Australian economy today?The Achilles heel of the Australian economy today is that, although its structure is geared to international trade, its participation in trade has declined.10. What has been happening in Australia s economy since the mid-1980s?A restructuring of Australia s economy has been going on in Australia since the mid-1980s.11. What does the Australian Constitution deal with?The Australian Constitution deals with the composition of the Australian federal government and the powers of the government and the relationship between the federal government and the governments of the States.12. What are the two principles the Australian Constitution is based on?The Australian Constitution is based on the principle of federalism and the principle of responsible government.13. What is the only practical way of changing the Australian Constitution?The only practical way of changing the Australian Constitution is by referendum.14. What does the Australian Federal Parliament consist of?It consists of the British monarch, the House of Representatives and the Senate.15. Who is constitutionally head of state in Australia?The British monarch is head of state in Australia.16. Do the House of Representatives and the Senate have exactly equal powers?No. They have almost equal powers except that the Senate cannot originate money bills .17. What are the functions of the Senate?The Senate in Australia has functioned as a house of review and it also represents the interests of the States.18. There are three major political parties in Australia. What are they?They are the Australian Labor Party, the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia.19. What do minor parties aim to do?They aim to obtain the balance of power in either House so that they can exert power on the party or parties which form the government.20. What are the roles of the High Court?It is the final court of Appeal. It hears appeals from State Supreme Courts and it also has the task of interpreting the Constitution and applying meaning to the cases that come before it.21. What is the life expectancy of Aborigines in Australia?The life expectancy of Aborigines is generally 20 years shorter than that of non-Aboriginal Australians.22. When did the Aboriginal people in Australia gain the right to determine their own affairs?In 1972 the Aboriginal people in Australia gained the right to determine their own affairs.23. When did the land rights movement start in Australia?The land rights movement in Australia started at the beginning of the 1970s.24. What is the significance of the Mabo Judgement?The Mabo Judgement recognizes that Australia was not, in law, unoccupied at the time of European settlement.25. What was the policy of assimilation?The policy of assimilation involved an immediate attempt to strip immigrants of their cultures, social practices and languages. The migrant was to forget the old country and adopt the Anglo-Australian way of life.26. What was the dominant aspect of Aboriginal culture?The dominant aspect of Aboriginal culture was the balance between these people and their environment.27. What are the main components of modern Australian culture?The main components of modern Australian culture is a mixture of many traditions and influences which overlap: British, American, European and Asian.28. What is the republic debate in Australia?The republic debate in Australia is about whether Australia should remain a monarchy or become a republic.29. What kind of republic do the minimalists propose?The minimalists propose a republic with a president elected or appointed by parliament.30. What are the views of the maximalists?The maximalists want to go further than replacing the Queen with a president. They want to reform the Constitution so that a Bill of Rights could be written into it.

2019解放軍文職招聘考試醫(yī)學類知識：基礎護理學單項選擇題12-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育

2019解放軍文職招聘考試醫(yī)學類知識：基礎護理學單項選擇題12發(fā)布時間：2019-05-17 12:20:55單項選擇題：1.病室濕度過低,可表現(xiàn)為A口干舌燥,咽痛,煩渴B憋氣,悶熱,難受C血壓增高,頭暈,面色蒼白D食欲不振,疲倦,頭暈E多汗,發(fā)熱,面色潮紅正確答案：A2.腰背部燒傷病人應取A平臥位B俯臥位C屈膝仰臥位D側(cè)臥位E半坐臥位正確答案：B3.無菌持物鉗的正確使用方法是A 可以夾取任何物品B 鉗端向上，不可跨越無菌區(qū)域C 到遠處夾取物品應速去速回D 門診換藥室的無菌持物鉗應該每周消毒一次E 取、放無菌持物鉗時，鉗端均需閉合正確答案：E4.某人不慎溺水，急救的首要步驟是A 口對口人工呼吸B 清除呼吸道分泌物和異物C 使用呼吸機D 肌注呼吸興奮劑E 給氧正確答案：B5.有關執(zhí)行口頭醫(yī)囑不妥的是A 一般情況下不執(zhí)行B 在手術(shù)及搶救過程中可執(zhí)行C 醫(yī)生說兩遍，護士即可執(zhí)行D 藥物經(jīng)核對后再用E 執(zhí)行后要及時補寫醫(yī)囑正確答案：C