解放軍文職招聘考試作文主題： 社會信任危機-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-06-1114:03:19作文主題：社會信任危機作文框架：1.人們之間的信任度下降，出現(xiàn)社會信任危機2.社會信任危機造成的不良影響3.解決方法參考范文：Arecentnewsreportmustbeveryalarmingthatanolddrunkenmanfelldownatthecrossroadbutnopasserbyevertriedtopullhimtohisfeetormovedhimtoasafeplace.Intheend,hewascrashedtodeathbyacar.Whatcausedthetragedy?Thelossofmutualtrustespeciallyamongstrangersshouldbelargelyblamedfortheaccident.Thelossofmutualtrustisanobstacletoaharmonioussociety,tosaynothingofitsimmediatedamagingeffect.MorecrimesmayhappenconsideringnoonewillstandouttosayNotoillegalattempts,becausepeoplewithoutmutualtrustarealwayscautiousandtendtoprotectthemselvesfromanypossiblerisk.Childrenwhoarebroughtuptobesuspiciousofotherswillbecomehesitantabouthelpingothers.Accordingly,oursocietywouldturnintoaplaceofcoldnessandindifference.Inordertodevelopmutualtrust,peopleshouldbeeducatedtobelievethataharmonioussocietyisnecessaryforone"shappiness,whichdependsonmutualtrustandcooperation.Chinesemassmediacoulddirectpeople"sattentiontothebrightsideoflifeandgivemorecoverageofsincerityandkindnesstypicalofhumannature.Withanincreasingnumberofpeoplerealizingtheproblemoflossofmutualtrust,itistimetoovercomeourhesitationandchangeforabettersociety
解放軍文職招聘考試作文指導について（1）?。毡兢戎袊沃笇Г芜`い－-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
解放軍文職招聘考試作文指導について（1）－日本と中國の指導の違い－發(fā)布時間：2017-06-2710:30:45今、私は黒龍江省に滯在して、高校生に日本語の會話や作文を指導しています。ここで生徒が書いた作文をたくさん読んでいるうちに、日本の高校生が書く作文と中國の高校生が書く作文の間に大きな違いがあることに気がつきました。そこで、今回は「作文指導に見る日本と中國の違い」というテーマでお話したいと思います。中國の高校生の書く作文を読んでいると、生徒同士が相談しながら作文を書いたのではないかと思うほど、內(nèi)容も表現(xiàn)もよく似た作文がたくさんあることに気がつきます。例えば先週、「私が尊敬している人」という作文を書かせました。その作文の60％は尊敬する人に親を挙げ、35％は教師を挙げていました?！赣Hを尊敬しています」と書く人が多いのは日本の高校生でも同じです。ところが、中國の生徒の作文のほとんどは「親は私を生んでくれた人です」「苦労して私を育ててくれました」「だから尊敬しています」と書いてあるだけなのです。このような作文は、日本ではまったく評価されません。たいていの親は子供を育てるのに苦労しているのです。だから、子供が、自分を育ててくれたことで親に感謝や尊敬の気持ちを持つことは自然なことです。そして、それは全人類に共通するごく一般的なことであって、「私」が親を尊敬している特別な理由とは言えません。この作文は「私が尊敬する人」という題名ですから、作文の內(nèi)容も「私」の実體験を書かなければ評価されないのです。日本人の生徒がこのような作文を書く時には、「私が」親を尊敬する理由を「具體的に」書きます。つまり、「このようなことがあった。その時親はこのようなことをした。それから私は親を尊敬するようになった」という具體的な事例を書かなければ、日本ではいい作文とは認められません。
解放軍文職招聘考試2011年考研英語(一)真題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-06-1423:02:382011年考研英語(一)真題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughterasabodilyexerciseprecioustohealth.But _____someclaimstothecontrary,laughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfilnessLaughterdoes_____short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,____heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto____,agoodlaughisunlikelytohave_____benefitstheway,say,walkingorjoggingdoes.____,insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe____,studiesdatingbacktothe1930sindicatethatlaughter.muscles,Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp____theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof______feedback,thatimproveanindividualsemotionalstate.______oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted_______physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry______theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhentetearsbegintoflow.Althoughsadnessalso_______tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow_____muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritz.1．[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like2．[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce3．[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining4．[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe5．[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable6．[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inaddition[D]Inbrief7．[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected8．[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes9．[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance10．[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal11．[A]Exceptfor[B]Accordingto[C]Dueto[D]Asfor12．[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at13．[A]unless[B]until[C]if[D]because14．[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses15．[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond16．[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold17．[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful[D]indifferent18．[A]adapted[B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted19．[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing20．[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]ConverselySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.Hooray!Atlast!wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbertsappointmentintheTimes,callshimanunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise.Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantodaysliveperformances;moreover,theycanbeconsumedatatimeandplaceofthelistenerschoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbertsowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicintoamarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization.Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference?Merelyexpandingtheorchestrasrepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmericasoldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract.21.WelearnfromPara.1thatGilbertsappointmenthas[A]incurredcriticism.[B]raisedsuspicion.[C]receivedacclaim.[D]arousedcuriosity.22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers[A]ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances.[B]rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances.[C]exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances.[D]overestimatethevalueofliveperformances.24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?[A]Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality.[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic.[D]Theyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces.25.RegardingGilbertsroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text2WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopursuemygoalofrunningacompany.Broadcastinghisambitionwasverymuchmydecision,McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29.McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisntalone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodontgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations.Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders.Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:IcantthinkofasinglesearchIvedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst.Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaventalwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeage,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater.Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.Thetraditionalrulewasitssafertostaywhereyouare,butthatsbeenfundamentallyinverted,saysoneheadhunter.Thepeoplewhovebeenhurttheworstarethosewhovestayedtoolong.26.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutivesquittingmaybespurredby[A]theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus.[B]theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelife.[C]theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards.[D]theirpursuitofnewcareergoals.28.Thewordpoached(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans[A]approvedof.[B]attendedto.[C]huntedfor.[D]guardedagainst.29.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts.[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated.[C]topperformerscaremoreaboutreputations.[D]itssafertosticktothetraditionalrules.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?[A]CEOs:WheretoGo?[B]CEOs:AlltheWayUp?[C]TopManagersJumpwithoutaNet[D]TheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformersText3Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditionalpaidmediasuchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisementsstillplayamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreateownedmediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusersresponses.Butinsomecases,onemarketersownedmediabecomeanothermarketerspaidmediaforinstance,whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.JohnsonJohnson,forexample,hascreatedBabyCenter,astand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincome,thepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective,givescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompaniesmarketing,andmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned.Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmore(andmorediverse)communicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquicker,morevisible,andmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers,otherstakeholders,oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.Membersofsocialnetworks,forinstance,arelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem.Ifthathappens,passionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproducts,puttingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacase,thecompanysresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtful,andthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotor,forexample,alleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign,whichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg.31.Consumersmaycreateearnedmediawhentheyare[A]obscssedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites.[B]inspiredbyproduct-promotinge-mailssenttothem.[C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityproducts.[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproducts.32.AccordingtoParagraph2,soldmediafeature[A]asafebusinessenvironment.[B]randomcompetition.[C]strongusertraffic.[D]flexibilityinorganization.33.TheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia[A]inviteconstantconflictswithpassionateconsumers.[B]canbeusedtoproducenegativeeffectsinmarketing.[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercercompetition.[D]deserveallthenegativecommentsaboutthem.34.ToyotaMotorsexperienceiscitedasanexampleof[A]respondingeffectivelytohijackedmedia.[B]persuadingcustomersintoboycottingproducts.[C]cooperatingwithsupportiveconsumers.[D]takingadvantageofhijackedmedia.35.Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout?[A]Alternativestoconventionalpaidmedia.[B]Conflictbetweenhijackedandearnedmedia.[C]Dominanceofhijackedmedia.[D]Popularityofownedmedia.Text4ItsnosurprisethatJenniferSeniorsinsightful,provocativemagazinecoverstory,IloveMyChildren,IHateMyLife,isarousingmuchchatternothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthattheverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.TherearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptiveandnewlysinglemomSandraBullock,aswellastheusualJenniferAnistonispregnantnews.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,smilingonthenewsstands.Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesntseemquitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldnthavehadkids,butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives.Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,singleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheirown(read:withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.ItshardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butitsinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free,happiness-enhancingparenthoodarentinsomesmall,subconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience,inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgettingtheRachelmightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston.36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring[A]temporarydelight[B]enjoymentinprogress[C]happinessinretrospect[D]lastingreward37.WelearnfromParagraph2that[A]celebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip.[B]singlemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention.[C]newsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining.[D]havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.38.ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks[A]areconstantlyexposedtocriticism.[B]arelargelyignoredbythemedia.[C]failtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities.[D]arelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife.39.AccordingtoParagraph4,themessageconveyedbycelebritymagazinesis[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?[A]Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcelebritymoms.[B]Celebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowardschildrearing.[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwithlife.[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing.PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagrapharegiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsEandGhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Nodisciplineshaveseizedonprofessionalismwithasmuchenthusiasmasthehumanities.Youcan,MrMenandpointsout,becamealawyerinthreeyearsandamedicaldoctorinfour.Buttheregulartimeittakestogetadoctoraldegreeinthehumanitiesisnineyears.Notsurprisingly,uptohalfofalldoctoralstudentsinEnglishdropoutbeforegettingtheirdegrees.[B]Hisconcernismainlywiththehumanities:Literature,languages,philosophyandsoon.Thesearedisciplinesthataregoingoutofstyle:22%ofAmericancollegegraduatesnowmajorinbusinesscomparedwithonly2%inhistoryand4%inEnglish.However,manyleadingAmericanuniversitieswanttheirundergraduatestohaveagroundinginthebasiccanonofideasthateveryeducatedpersonshouldposses.Butmostfinditdifficulttoagreeonwhatageneraleducationshouldlooklike.AtHarvard,MrMenandnotes,thegreatbooksarereadbecausetheyhavebeenread-theyformasortofsocialglue.[C]Equallyunsurprisingly,onlyabouthalfendupwithprofessorshipsforwhichtheyenteredgraduateschool.Therearesimplytoofewposts.ThisispartlybecauseuniversitiescontinuetoproduceevermorePhDs.Butfewerstudentswanttostudyhumanitiessubjects:Englishdepartmentsawardedmorebachelorsdegreesin1970-71thantheydid20yearslater.Fewerstudentsrequiresfewerteachers.So,attheendofadecadeoftheses-writing,manyhumanitiesstudentsleavetheprofessiontodosomethingforwhichtheyhavenotbeentrained.[D]OnereasonwhyitishardtodesignandteachsuchcoursesisthattheycancutacrosstheinsistencebytopAmericanuniversitiesthatliberal-artseducationsandprofessionaleducationshouldbekeptseparate,taughtindifferentschools.Manystudentsexperiencebothvarieties.AlthoughmorethanhalfofHarvardundergraduatesendupinlaw,medicineorbusiness,futuredoctorsandlawyersmuststudyanon-specialistliberal-artsdegreebeforeembarkingonaprofessionalqualification.[E]Besidesprofessionalizingtheprofessionsbythisseparation,topAmericanuniversitieshaveprofessionalisedtheprofessor.Thegrowthinpublicmoneyforacademicresearchhasspeededtheprocess:federalresearchgrantsrosefourfoldbetween1960and1990,butfacultyteachinghoursfellbyhalfasresearchtookitstoll.Professionalismhasturnedtheacquisitionofadoctoraldegreeintoaprerequisiteforasuccessfulacademiccareer:aslateas1969athirdofAmericanprofessorsdidnotpossessone.Butthekeyideabehindprofessionalisation,arguesMrMenand,isthattheknowledgeandskillsneededforaparticularspecializationaretransmissiblebutnottransferable.Sodisciplinesacquireamonopolynotjustovertheproductionofknowledge,butalsoovertheproductionoftheproducersofknowledge.[F]Thekeytoreforminghighereducation,concludesMrMenand,istoalterthewayinwhichtheproducersofknowledgeareproduced.Otherwise,academicswillcontinuetothinkdangerouslyalike,increasinglydetachedfromthesocietieswhichtheystudy,investigateandcriticize.Academicinquiry,atleastinsomefields,mayneedtobecomelessexclusionaryandmoreholistic.Yetquitehowthathappens,MrMenanddosenotsay.[G]ThesubtleandintelligentlittlebookTheMarketplaceofIdeas:ReformandResistanceintheAmericanUniversityshouldbereadbyeverystudentthinkingofapplyingtotakeadoctoraldegree.Theymaythendecidetogoelsewhere.ForsomethingcurioushasbeenhappeninginAmericanUniversities,andLouisMenand,aprofessorofEnglishatHarvardUniversity,captureditskillfully.G41.42.E43.44.45.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittencarefullyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)WithitsthemethatMindisthemasterweaver,creatingourinnercharacterandoutercircumstances,thebookAsaManThinkingbyJamesAllenisanin-depthexplorationofthecentralideaofself-helpwriting.(46)Allenscontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.Becausemostofusbelievethatmindisseparatefrommatter,wethinkthatthoughtscanbehiddenandmadepowerless;thisallowsustothinkonewayandactanother.However,Allenbelievedthattheunconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmind,and(47)whilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindalone,inrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat?Sincedesireandwillaredamagedbythepresenceofthoughtsthatdonotaccordwithdesire,Allenconcluded:Wedonotattractwhatwewant,butwhatweare.Achievementhappensbecauseyouasapersonembodytheexternalachievement;youdontgetsuccessbutbecomeit.Thereisnogapbetweenmindandmatter.PartofthefameofAllensbookisitscontentionthatCircumstancesdonotmakeaperson,theyrevealhim.(48)Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,andarationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.This,however,wouldbeaknee-jerkreactiontoasubtleargument.Eachsetofcircumstances,howeverbad,offersauniqueopportunityforgrowth.Ifcircumstancesalwaysdeterminedthelifeandprospectsofpeople,thenhumanitywouldneverhaveprogressed.Infat,(49)circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehavebeenwrongedthenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.Nevertheless,asanybiographerknows,apersonsearlylifeanditsconditionsareoftenthegreatestgifttoanindividual.ThesoberingaspectofAllensbookisthatwehavenooneelsetoblameforourpresentconditionexceptourselves.(50)Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthateverythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsinthearrayoflimitations,nowwebecomeauthoritiesofwhatispossible.SectionⅢWritingPartA51.Directions:Writealettertoafriendofyoursto1)recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand2)givereasonsforyourrecommendationYourshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheleter.UserLIMINGinstead.Donotwritertheaddress.(10points)PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160---200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YourshouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)2011年考研英語(一)真題參考答案無恒戀花發(fā)表于2011-01-16182次閱讀1-5，ACDBA6-10CADCB11-15BCACA16-20BCADB21-25DBCAA26-30CCBDB31-35CCBDB36-40CBCCC41-45BDCAE46、艾倫的貢獻在于提供了我們能分擔和揭示錯誤性質(zhì)的假設--因為我們不是機器人，因此我們能夠控制我們的理想。47、我們可以單獨通過意識維持控制的感覺，但實際上我們一直面臨著一個問題，為什么我不能完成這件事情或那件事情。48、這似乎可能為必要時的忽視正名，也能合理說明剝削，以及在頂層的人的優(yōu)越感及處于后層人們的劣勢感。49、環(huán)境似乎是為了挑選出我們的強者，而且如果我們感覺受了委屈，那么我們就不可能有意識的做出努力逃離我們原來的處境。50、正面在于我們處于這樣的位置，知道所有事情都取決與我們自己，之前我們對著一系列的限制，而現(xiàn)在我們成了權威。51.Directions:Writealettertoafriendofyoursto1)recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand2)givereasonsforyourrecommendation.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)小作文范文：Dearfriends:Recentlyalotofnewmovies,youconcern?Irecentlysawamovieisespeciallysuitableforyou.ItsnameisIfYouAreTheOne.Firstofallithasverypowerfulcast.Storylineisverytight.Characters"languageisclassicandthought-provoking.But,Imostlikeitbecauseit"smorals.Dearfriends,doyoutolovetheunderstandingofwhat?Loveisromantic,iscostly,issimple,orplain?Ithinkinthismoviecanbereflected.Perhapsnowwestillcan"tclearlove,butloveisalreadybrimmingwithourlives,isapartoflife.Iwanttowatchthemovie,wecanunderstandalot.Dearfriends,doyoualsoseethismovie,remembertowriteandtellmehowyoufeel.Missyou!52、DirectionWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly2)explainitsintendedmeasingand3)giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)大作文范文：Oursurroundingsarebeingpollutedfastandman"spresenteffortscannotpreventit.Timeisbringingusmorepeople,andmorepeoplewillbringusmoreindustry,morecars,largercitiesandthegrowinguseofman-madematerials.Whatcanexplainandsolvethisproblem?Thefactisthatpollutioniscausedbyman--byhisdesireforamodernwayoflife.Wemakeincreasingindustrializationourchiefaim.Soweareoftenreadytooffereverything:cleanair,purewater,goodfood,ourhealthandthefutureofourchildren.Thereisaconstantflowofpeoplefromthecountrysideintothecities,eagerforthebenefitsofourmodernsociety.Butasourtechnologicalachievementshavegrowninthelasttwentyyears,pollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Isn"tittimewestoppedtoaskourselveswherewearegoing--andwhy?Itmakesonethinkofthestoryabouttheairlinepilotwhotoldhispassengersovertheloudspeaker,I"vesomegoodnewsandsomebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwe"remakingrapidprogressat530milesperhour.Thebadnewsisthatwe"relostanddon"tknowwherewe"regoing.Thesadfactisthatthisbecomesatruestorywhenspeakingofourmodernsociety.Inmyopinion,toprotectenvironment,thegovernmentmusttakeevenmoreconcretemeasures.First,itshouldletpeoplefullyrealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionthrougheducation.Second,muchmoreeffortsshouldbemadetoputthepopulationplanningpolicyintopractice,becausemorepeoplemeansmorepeoplemeansmorepollution.Finally,thosewhodestroytheenvironmentintentionallyshouldbeseverelypunished.Weshouldletthemknowthatdestroyingenvironmentmeansdestroyingmankindthemselves
