2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)52-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-28 08:13:50六、 介 詞(一) 知識(shí)概要介詞在英語(yǔ)中用法很活，也無(wú)一定規(guī)律可循。在初中范圍內(nèi)還應(yīng)學(xué)一個(gè)記住一個(gè)，特別是那些和動(dòng)詞的特殊搭配。這樣長(zhǎng)期下去不斷學(xué)習(xí)自然會(huì)總結(jié)出一套自己的規(guī)律來(lái)。下面是一般的規(guī)律，可幫助學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)參考，千萬(wàn)不要作為定律去背誦，照搬。介詞 表示時(shí)間 表示地點(diǎn)方位 表示原因方式 其 他about 大約在 時(shí)間 about five o"clock 在周圍，大約多遠(yuǎn) about five kilometres 關(guān)于、涉及talk about youabove 高出某一平面above sea levelacross 橫過(guò) walk across the street對(duì)面 across the streetafter 在 之后after supper跟 后面one after another追趕run after youagainst 背靠逆風(fēng)against the wall, against the wind反對(duì)be against youamong 三者以上的中間among the treesat 在某時(shí)刻at ten在小地點(diǎn)at the school gate表示速度at high speed向著，對(duì)著at mebefore 在 之前before lunch位于 之前sit before mebehind 位于 之后behind the treebelow 低于 水平below zero不合格below the standardby 到 時(shí)刻，在 時(shí)刻之前by five o"clock緊挨著site by site乘坐交通工具by air, by bick 被由was made by usduring 在 期間during the holidaysfor 延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間for five years向 去leave for Shanghai 為了，對(duì)于be good for youfrom 從某時(shí)到 某時(shí) from morning till night 來(lái)自何方from New York由某原料制成be made from來(lái)自何處where are you fromin 在年、月、周較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi) in a week 在里面in the room用某種語(yǔ)言 in English 穿著in redinto 進(jìn)入 里面walk into除 分divide into變動(dòng)turn into waternear 接近某時(shí) near five years 在 附近 near the parkof 用某種原料制成be made of屬于 性質(zhì)a map of U. S .Aon 某日、某日的上下午on Sunday afternoon 在 上面on the desk 靠吃 為生live on rice 關(guān)于 a book on Physicsover 渡過(guò)一整段時(shí)間 work over night 在上方over the desk超過(guò)， 高于 over five pairspast 超過(guò)某一時(shí)刻ten past five
2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)759-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-29 08:57:24(g) 為了避免重復(fù).(h)先行詞是the way或the reason時(shí)，that可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略(i) 主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)詞who /which時(shí)舉例：Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎?Who that break the window should be punished.誰(shuí)打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰.All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問(wèn)題。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配)1. where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2. when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間。在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可做連接詞用(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.[注]表示時(shí)間 time 一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)。By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到達(dá)倫敦的時(shí)候，我們?cè)谀抢镆呀?jīng)待了兩個(gè)星期。
2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)693-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-29 08:41:50(2)作表語(yǔ)：地點(diǎn)副詞一般可以作表語(yǔ),放在be等連系動(dòng)詞之后,說(shuō)明人物所處的位置。如：I m very sorry he isn t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)有將近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那邊)(3)作定語(yǔ)：時(shí)間副詞(如now、then)以及許多地點(diǎn)副詞都可以作名詞的定語(yǔ),放在名詞的后面。如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(現(xiàn)在的人們經(jīng)常在餐館里吃節(jié)日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世紀(jì)20年代那兒的女人過(guò)著可怕的日子)(4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：地點(diǎn)副詞一般可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的臟襪子拿開(kāi)!它們?cè)谏l(fā)著臭氣。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父親把他關(guān)在家里做作業(yè))[注意] 動(dòng)詞+副詞 的賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞,則該副詞應(yīng)該放在代詞之后。如：He wrote down the word.(他寫下了那個(gè)詞。) He wrote it down.(他把它寫了下來(lái)。)2、有關(guān)副詞的重要注釋：⑴ as as 常構(gòu)成一些詞組：as soon as (一旦 就 ), as well as (同樣), as+形容詞/副詞+as possible(盡可能 地)。如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(請(qǐng)你一到北京就給我寫信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐盡快地趕到了校門口。)[注釋] as long / much as + 名詞 可以表示 長(zhǎng)達(dá)/多達(dá) 的含義。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花費(fèi)高達(dá)50萬(wàn)元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他們呆在山洞里長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩周。)⑵ later、after、ago、before的用法：① 一段時(shí)間+later/ago 分別表示 (多久)以后/以前 ,主要用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。② after/before+某個(gè)時(shí)刻 分別表示 在某時(shí)刻之后/之前 ,此時(shí)兩個(gè)詞是介詞。③ago與before：ago只能用于過(guò)去時(shí),before用于完成時(shí)。如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一個(gè)事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(數(shù)年后這個(gè)男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你從前到過(guò)那兒?jiǎn)?)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(過(guò)了幾年他戒了煙。)⑶ above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低處用over和under.如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高掛在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飛機(jī)從頭頂飛過(guò)。)當(dāng)above、below、over、under是介詞性質(zhì)時(shí),意義相似。
2019解放軍文職招聘考試教育學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)687-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-29 08:40:41③ 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)且該動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面有介詞。I finally found a chair to sit on.(我 最終找到了一張椅子坐。)(5) 記住一些固定詞組：arrive at/in(到達(dá) ),on foot(步行),not at all(根本不),to the north of(在 以北),in the east of(在 的東部),in the night(在夜間),at night(在晚上),be afraid of(害怕 ),be full of(充滿/ 裝滿 .),be filled with(充滿/ 裝滿 .),be good/bad for(對(duì) 有益/有害),be made of(由 做成),be made from(由 制造),play with(玩耍 ),look out of(朝 外面看),at the end of(在 末梢/結(jié)束時(shí)),by the end of(不遲于 /到 末為止),with the help of或with one s help(在 的幫助下),look after(照料 ),look for(尋找 ),on a bike(=by bike)騎車, help sb. with(幫某人做 ),get on (well) with(與某人相處[融洽]),等等。6、某些介詞的用法辨析：⑴ 時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)介詞in、on、at的用法區(qū)別：表示時(shí)間時(shí), in表示在一段時(shí)間里(在將來(lái)時(shí)句子中則表示在一段時(shí)間之后), on表示在具體的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某個(gè)時(shí)刻或者瞬間; 表示地點(diǎn)時(shí), in表示在某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi), on表示在某個(gè)平面上或與一個(gè)面相接觸,at則表示在某個(gè)具體的場(chǎng)所或地點(diǎn)。如：He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七點(diǎn)鐘起床) / His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼鏡就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在電影院)⑵ after與in表示時(shí)間的用法區(qū)別： after+(具體時(shí)刻/從句) 表示 在 時(shí)刻之后 常用于一般時(shí)態(tài); in+(一段時(shí)間) 表示 在(多久)之后 ,常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如：He said that he would be here after 6：00.(他說(shuō)他六點(diǎn)鐘之后會(huì)來(lái)這兒)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父親大約一個(gè)月以后從英國(guó)回來(lái))⑶ since與for表示時(shí)間的用法區(qū)別： since+(具體時(shí)刻/that-從句) 表示 自從 起一直到現(xiàn)在 , for +(一段斶間) 表示 總共有 之久 ,都常用于完成時(shí)態(tài);如：Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自從1970年起就在這家工廠工作了)/ Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. (李叔叔在這家工廠已經(jīng)工作了30多年)⑸ about與on的用法區(qū)別：都可以表示 有關(guān) ,但是about的意義比較廣,而on主要表示 有關(guān) (專題/課程) 。如：Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.(湯姆要作一個(gè)美國(guó)歷史的報(bào)告)/ They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他們興致勃勃地談?wù)撝磳?lái)到的野外旅游)
